The bonds can be sold to a worldwide market by insurance companies that incur major risks by writing policies. If the insurance companies can get a good enough price for such bonds, they can eliminate their exposure to the risk of a major disaster, thereby allowing them to issue policies to homeowners at a lower cost.

Such guarantees might take the form of financial security deposits, insurance or bonds.

The application of funds of an insurance company is limited to bank deposits, trading of government and financial bonds and other forms of fund application stipulated by the State Council.

And those can be environmental bonds.

In 1996, Mexico and the Philippines swapped 4.4 billion of their Brady bonds for uncollateralized long term bonds.

Public and publicly guaranteed debt rose moderately, while bond financing fell dramatically by 40 per cent.

Sierra Leone would issue iron ore bonds and Mongolia would issue copper bonds. Investors would be able to buy Guatemala s coffee bonds, Côte d Ivoire s cocoa bonds, Liberia s rubber bonds, Mali s cotton bonds, and Ghana s gold bonds.

Jamaica, for example, would issue aluminum bonds Nigeria would issue oil bonds Sierra Leone would issue iron ore bonds and Mongolia would issue copper bonds. Investors would be able to buy Guatemala s coffee bonds, Côte d Ivoire s cocoa bonds, Liberia s rubber bonds, Mali s cotton bonds, and Ghana s gold bonds.

Bond holders are to receive 456 million in bonds due in 2011 (with the same coupon of 9.5 per cent) and 574 million in bonds due in 2018 (with the same coupon of 9.04 per cent).

The authorities will issue 35.2 billion in new securities, comprising 15 billion in par bonds, 11.9 billion in discount bonds and 8.3 billion in quasi par bonds.

The advantage of a par bond is that Greece s creditors banks, insurance companies, and pension funds would be able and allowed to continue valuing their Greek bonds at 100 cents on the euro, thereby avoiding massive losses on their balance sheets. That, in turn, would sharply contain the risk of financial contagion.

Debt service coverage and bond interest

We can also add to these financial risks the massive problems of bond insurers that guaranteed many of the risky securitization products such as CDOs. A very likely downgrade of these insurers credit ratings will force banks and financial institutions that hold these risky assets to write them down, adding another 150 billion to the financial system s mounting losses.

CMHC provides mortgage loan insurance to lenders across Canada (including on reserve and in the North) and guarantees timely payment of interest and principal on Mortgage Backed and Canada Mortgage Bond, thereby ensuring a steady source of funds for Canadian home buyers.

Debt buy back and Brady bonds11

If there is 120 of collateral guaranteeing a 100 bond, the bond is safer, no doubt. How much safer, however, depends upon the returns on the pool of bonds that compose the CDO.

So far, policymakers are talking only about exchanging old Greek bonds for cash (in buybacks) or new Greek bonds. It would be far preferable to exchange them for Eurobonds, backed by the full faith and credit of all eurozone countries.

In 1997, Argentina, Brazil, Ecuador, Panama and Venezuela retired 10.4 billion of collateralized Brady bonds through swaps against uncollateralized long term bonds, effected at a discount based on secondary market prices.

The Fund apos s bond portfolio was helped by its overweighting in United States and United Kingdom bonds and an underweight position in yen bonds.

Barrels, Bushels, and Bonds

Bond

First, they could clarify the pari passu clause, specifying that it guaranteed comparable treatment for existing bondholders, not for existing bondholders and earlier bondholders whose claims were already extinguished.

It may therefore be tempting to invest in inflation indexed bonds, which adjust both principal and interest payments to offset the effects of changes in price growth. But the protection against inflation does not prevent a loss of value if real interest rates rise, depressing the value of the bonds.

One would have hoped that the banks might have managed the default risk on the bonds in their portfolios by buying insurance. And, if they bought insurance, a regulator concerned with systemic stability would want to be sure that the insurer pays in the event of a loss.

One example is Eurobonds, which Merkel has declared taboo. Yet they are the obvious solution to the root cause of the euro crisis, which is that joining the euro exposed member countries government bonds to the risk of default.

Bonds? Real estate?

Has this name been circulated to non banking financial institutions, i.e., pension, insurance and financial leasing companies, foreign exchange bureaus, securities firms and credit unions?

When Latin American debt was restructured in the 1980 s under the Brady Plan, these sweeteners were provided by the United States Treasury. This time around, the International Monetary Fund and the German government should fill that role.

50 MFIs have been visited and the most appropriate means of channelling investment to their institutions, i.e. bonds, asset backed securities, potential guarantors or insurance companies underwriting debt documents, etc., have been discussed

And we came up with this idea of issuing bonds, press freedom bonds.

The Battle of the Bonds

3. If you still find yourself there, stop the desire to deleverage by having the Treasury guarantee risky assets, or issue safe ones, in order to raise the quality of debt in the market this, too, will make holding debt more attractive.

If you still find yourself there, stop the desire to deleverage by having the Treasury guarantee risky assets, or issue safe ones, in order to raise the quality of debt in the market this, too, will make holding debt more attractive.

Governments and international financial institutions could consider providing bond guarantees to those municipalities.

The proceeds from those sales were invested in equities and bonds in various developing countries as opportunities became available.

Bond offering

45. The rescue is notable in that there was no attempt to restructure the debt profile, probably because debt was largely in the form of bonds that had been widely dispersed among portfolio investors. It would have been extremely difficult to locate the creditors and to organize a mechanism through which restructuring could be negotiated, and the free rider problems would have been uncontrollable.

South Africa was the only country in sub Saharan Africa to issue on international bond or equity markets in 1997.

Annual rate of security

The housing bonds system

I don't know.

Here's your bond.

(2) expenses on purchasing commercial insurances, securities, stock equities or collections and so on

When financial markets discovered that supposedly riskless government bonds might be forced into default, they raised risk premiums dramatically. This rendered potentially insolvent commercial banks, whose balance sheets were loaded with such bonds, giving rise to Europe s twin sovereign debt and banking crisis.

a An option was included to convert US 30 year bond into a US 12 year bond with debt reduction.