My body's an accumulation of ideas too the idea of skin cells, the idea of brain cells, the idea of liver cells.

And the other part is on the inside where it sends signals into the cell.

Each cell in the body contains DNA, which is responsible for producing the proteins that are necessary for a cell s functioning. Though all cells in the body have the same DNA, only a subset of the genes encoded by the DNA is expressed in each cell type, thus accounting for the difference between, say, a skin cell, a liver cell, and a brain cell.

Whereas a skin cell or a liver cell, for instance, can reproduce only more skin or liver, stem cells, which are the most robust at the beginning of human development, are master cells. As a fertilized egg turns into an embryo, and then a fetus, those initial stem cells somehow show their daughter cells how to become skin, liver, eye, or bone.

Here, this is a protocell, and it's vigorously shedding this skin.

And indeed, you do see it in the human entorhinal cortex, which is the same part of the brain that you see grid cells in rats.

This was done in Japan and in the U.S., published at the same time, and it rebooted skin cells into stem cells, last year.

And in the measure that we learn how chickens grow wings, and what the program is for those cells to differentiate, one of the things we're going to be able to do is to stop undifferentiated cells, which you know as cancer, and one of the things we're going to learn how to do is how to reprogram cells like stem cells in such a way that they express bone, stomach, skin, pancreas.

We coat the inside with these bladder lining cells.

There is just too many things to go wrong.

And possibly eukaryotic cells, those that we have, are possible within a decade.

So, I added these protocells together to the system, and protocell A and protocell B fused together to form a hybrid protocell AB.

For this fish, it's actually whole cells with nuclei and membranes.

This is a normal cell. This is a cancer cell.

We can now reprogram your skin cells to actually act like a pluripotent embryonic stem cell and to utilize those potentially to treat multiple organs in that same patient making your own personalized stem cell lines.

The observation that stem cells, as master cells, could give rise to a whole variety of different cell types heart cells, liver cells, pancreatic islet cells captured the attention of the media and the imagination of the public.

We then take the cells, the vascular cells, blood vessel cells, we perfuse the vascular tree with the patient's own cells.

There's a class of cells, a fairly small cell, an inhibitory cell, that quiets its neighbors.

We're made of cells and stuff between cells.

In effect, the cancer cell was forgetting it was cancer and becoming a normal cell.

It turns out, the DNA in the bacterial cell was actually methylated, and the methylation protects it from the restriction enzyme, from digesting the DNA.

Fat derived stem cells are adult stem cells.

Cells?

And out in the cytoplasmic soup we have special proteins that are required for cell division that float freely in this soup in three dimensions.

But adult stem cells are not embryonic stem cells.

These are support cells astrocytes glia.

We then grow the cells outside the body, take the scaffold, coat the scaffold with the cells the patient's own cells, two different cell types.

This is just a collection of pathways in the cell.

(c) Sprut MBI determination of volumes of intra and extra cellular fluid, total circulating blood volume and the proportion of cellular and fluid blood components in the human body under conditions of weightlessness

Or we can use cells alone, either your very own cells or different stem cell populations.

Liver cells, nerve cells, pancreatic cells we still can't grow them even today.

A windpipe cell already knows it's a windpipe cell.

It's bringing the cells into the body. It's allowing the cells to regenerate new tissue, and once the tissue is regenerated the scaffold goes away.

They discovered that adult cells, taken from you and me, could be reprogrammed back into embryonic like cells, which they termed IPS cells, or induced pluripotent stem cells.

In order to preserve the human species, it would be preferable surely to use gene therapy with caution, restricting it to somatic cells (body cells excluding germ cells), to the exclusion of germ cells (i.e. the cells used for sexual reproduction).

We thought that maybe nitric oxide affected cell death, and how cells survive, and their resistance to other things.

We have our nucleic DNA that everybody thinks of as our DNA, but we also have DNA in our mitochondria, which are the energy packets of the cell.

So, is it possible that the tumor cells are going to the skeletal muscle tissue, but once in contact inside the skeletal muscle tissue, MyoD acts upon these tumor cells and causes them to become skeletal muscle cells?

The immune cells developed into the tolerance promoting cells.

So you may not only have car cells, you may have Aston Martin cells.

And you do that by measuring the relative activation of the left prefrontal cortex in the fMRI, versus the right prefrontal cortex.

One of the tricks you have to do is to figure out how to deliver these genes to the cells that you want and not all the other neighbors.

And place cells also get this kind of path integration input from a kind of cell called a grid cell.

You're in these levels of inferior visual cortex where you have thousands and tens of thousands and millions of images, or figments, or fragmentary figments, all neurally encoded in particular cells or small clusters of cells.

It is a description of the changes in one enzyme when you drip a chemical extracted from some red grape skin onto some cancer cells in a dish on a bench in a laboratory somewhere.