448. It is assumed that following decentralization of the health services, management of primary health care will be transferred to the gmina level.

In spite of dire sanitary conditions, it ranked high in terms of primary health indicators.

Public health is the primary phase in improving health care for the country's residents.

UNFPA is also assisting the Directorate and the Ministry of Health s Primary Health care Departments in integrating reproductive health services, including family planning, into primary health care clinics in the West Bank and Gaza Strip.

a) Expansion, upgrading and major rehabilitation of primary education and health infrastructure

Primary medical care

To combat harmful traditional practices.

III. Primary health care and the health care sector

Primary care.

146. Primary care.

164. Primary care.

183. Primary care.

207. Primary care.

40. Primary care.

138. Primary care.

159. Primary care.

174. Primary care.

191. Primary care.

211. Primary care.

The possibilities to control maternal health are found in the health care units at different levels of coverage.

446. Primary health care, providing both sick and healthy citizens with health services in the place of their residence, is supposed to be the main link of the health care system.

About 23 per cent of total public expenditure on health is devoted to primary health care (primary care for both insured and uninsured individuals).

Table 5 Primary health care

(h) Basic social services for all primary health care, nutrition, education, safe water and sanitation, population and shelter

1. The Ministry of Health The Ministry offers primary, secondary and tertiary health care services in Jordan through main and subsidiary health centres, consisting of 506 health centres, 161 maternal and child clinics, 110 dental clinics and 15 respiratory disease clinics, as at the end of 1990.

established the possibility of transferring tasks relating to the provision of health care to local government, particularly in the area of primary health care.

Although all strategic documents of health care reform predict the strengthening of the PZZ and the rationalization of consulting and specialist and hospital health care protection, data show that this form of health care protection in the observed period had greater growth index than primary health care protection.

III. Primary health care and the health care sector

Emphasis on primary health care

480. There is a separate system of prophylactic health care for school students. It is provided by a school nurse (a hygienist) employed in every school and a primary health care physician in the place of residence.

In 1997, the World Bank, WHO, UNICEF and UNFPA supported the rehabilitation of selected health centres for the initiation of the primary health care programme.

With the planned reform of the PZZ there is an intention to ensure a universal, quality, effective, and continuous PZZ that is based on family health and pre orientation of main activities towards the promotion of health and prevention.

The direction of the reforms undertaken in the sphere of primary health care (defined in the Strategies for Health programme, which is a development of the governmental programme Strategy for Poland of 1993), corresponds with the modern approach to health care adopted by the World Health Organization, particularly in its programme Health for All by the Year 2000 .

These have often been set up isolated from the primary health care structure and sexual and reproductive health care programmes in particular.

Different levels of health care are insufficiently connected and coordinated and health care protection is overrated, at the expense of primary protection.

In the health area, the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) provided information on the challenge of developing and implementing intercultural primary health care programmes for indigenous communities in the Americas.

In the district health centres, public health nurses provide primary care and doctors visit on a regular basis to provide medical care.

(d) Combining four kinds of health care preventive, primary, humanistic, and heroic.

According to health statistics available to the World Health Organization, the overall health status of Cubans is among the highest in Latin America.

Besides programming, the Ministry of Health also covers medical assistance, preventive health care, and technical procedures and treatment, who can be implemented at all levels of attention, particularly at primary and secondary levels.

1.109 The Agency's second largest programme is health. The foundation of UNRWA health care is its network of 125 primary health care facilities. Programme activities are focused on comprehensive primary health care, comprising essential medical care services, child health care, expanded maternal health and family planning and control of communicable and non communicable diseases supported by assistance towards secondary care.

The programme, which will be implemented in cooperation with the Ministries of Health and of Social Affairs, concerns the integration of reproductive health, including family planning and sexual health services and information into the primary health care system.

Preventive measures were the focus of the 1997 World Health Report.8 The guiding principles of primary health care were set out at the International Conference on Primary Health Care, in Alma Ata, in 1978.9 Humanistic care is mainly concerned with improving the quality of life of frail elders, and of ensuring the necessary support for caregivers and caregiving systems.

The Committee recommends that the State party ensure universal access to affordable primary health care, i.e. by increasing the number of family doctors and community health centres, and include all members of society, including refugees, internally displaced persons and Roma, in the compulsory health insurance scheme.

There has been a visible impact from activities pertaining to malaria and leprosy that have been brought within the primary health care project under HDI E. Training, retraining and the provision of drugs, supplies and equipment have greatly improved the capacities of community health workers (CHWs), midwives, other basic health staff and medical officers to tackle priority health problems.