them as an international crime

In order to help human rights treaty bodies operationalize the right to a remedy, NGOs needed to submit information not only on the primary human rights violations, but also on the operation in practice of domestic remedies in relation to the violations.

II. INTERNATIONAL CRIMES AND VIOLATIONS OF HUMAN RIGHTS

Emphasis would be given to monitoring compliance with international humanitarian and human rights laws and preventing and reporting on violations of women's rights.

82. It is true that there was a lull in such violations during the period covered by this report.

The Committee created a Technical Working Group (TWG) to conduct a general review of the existing programmes of the different agencies and to identify the problems of child protection within the contexts of prevention, deterrence, actual incidence of violation and post incidence and rehabilitation.

In fact, the Gulf War had been the result of unprovoked Iraqi aggression, which had been contained by the international coalition.

(c) Any form of forced population transfer which has the aim or effect of violating or undermining any of their rights

Its goal was rather to proclaim a principle if we considered that a State should bear the same kind of responsibility for acts it deliberately committed and which represented gross and massive violations of human rights as it bore for aggression, for example, then we should recognize that those violations are in fact violations of international law of the same character as aggression, in other words, an international crime.

C. Violations of human rights and international humanitarian law

(c) Gross and massive violations of human rights

(c) Gross and massive violations of human rights as an international crime

B. Human rights violations recognized as international crimes

First of all, there is the problem mentioned above of determining that gross and massive violations have actually been committed.

(d) To stop violations of human rights and to end the prevailing culture of impunity and effectively investigate human rights violations and bring the perpetrators to justice, in accordance with international standards of due process

VII. RECOGNITION OF GROSS AND MASSIVE VIOLATIONS OF HUMAN RIGHTS

2. Criteria for defining violations of human rights as international crimes

An Amnesty International study on torture and violations of the right to life during states of emergencies is very interesting in this respect, as it emphasizes the way in which states of emergency can, in fact, facilitate the violation of non derogable rights.

130. In many cases, those responsible for violations of economic, social and cultural rights and of the collective rights with an economic content such as the right to development or the right to a healthy environment, are sometimes international entities applying policies which constitute veritable sources of large scale and serious violations of collective and individual rights in the countries with weak economies.

This commitment means that the State must both ensure effective enjoyment of these rights and establish the legal framework rendering it possible to protect them and punish their violation

Recognition of gross and large scale violations of human rights as an international crime

The human rights restrictions introduced by a Government in the event of an armed conflict or in an emergency situation and corresponding to appropriate international standards cannot, of course, be regarded as violations of human rights.

Deeply concerned at reports of human rights abuses and violations of humanitarian law and human rights, including the rights to life, to liberty and security of person and to freedom of opinion, expression and association,

This is a pragmatic approach towards human rights violators.

132. Under both domestic and international law, an act violating the rights of an individual or a group renders the perpetrator responsible.

When they attain persistent and permanent levels, poor income distribution and poverty are a violation of the rights of persons, and of their capacity to realize and enjoy the rights established by the international community.

1. States whose Governments perpetrated gross and massive violations of human rights or whose Governments sanctioned them are responsible under international law for such violations as for an international crime.

The international community should adopt measures to deal with human rights violations.

C. Violations of human rights and international humanitarian law 190 207 38

reparation for victims of gross violations of human rights and international humanitarian law 15

Recognition of gross and massive violations of human rights as an international crime

OF HUMAN RIGHTS PERPETRATED ON THE ORDERS OF GOVERNMENTS OR SANCTIONED BY THEM AS AN INTERNATIONAL CRIME 47 61 14

B. Human rights violations recognized as international crimes 45 48 19

It called for respect of the human rights of the Kashmiri people and the ending of their continuous violations, and urged India to allow international human rights organizations to verify the conditions of human rights in Indian occupied Kashmir.

Violations of the right to liberty, security and inviolability of the person

Removal of the word gross results in the extension of the scope of application of the basic principles and guidelines to include all violations of human rights and international humanitarian law, regardless of the type of right violated or the nature of the violation.

The fact is that the manner in which this assistance has been forthcoming in too many cases resulted in Governments violating the basic rights of their citizens.

2. The collection, processing, use and storage of personal information, including medical and genetic data, shall not infringe or have the effect of infringing the human rights, fundamental freedoms or human dignity of an individual.

In fact, experience shows that massive violations are always gross in nature, and gross violations of individuals apos rights, torture, arbitrary and protracted detention lead, if they go unpunished, to massive violations or indicate that such violations have already begun.

The anti Democratic People's Republic of Korea manoeuvring by the United States and Japan using human rights issues is itself a violation of human rights and international law.

The individual is accountable for violations of international human rights that constitute crimes.

1996 105. Recognition of gross and large scale violations of human rights as an

III. RESPONSIBILITY FOR HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS RECOGNIZED AS INTERNATIONAL CRIMES

Today, the United Kingdom's zealous junior collaborator, the United States, wages aggression against sovereign States and violates international law and human rights under the slogan of a war on terror.

B. Violations of the right to life and physical integrity