Translation of "微生物遗传学" to English language:
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微生物遗传学 - 翻译 :
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在生物学中 遗传学 是生物理论研究上的巨大成功 | It's also the great theoretical triumph of biology. |
药物遗传学家 | Drugstore Geneticist |
虽然不同学科会有所不同 比如说天体物理学, 分子遗传学, 免疫学, 微生物学, 公共卫生学, 还有将人体看作共生有机体的新的领域的学科, 以及环境科学, | Although varying among disciplines say, astrophysics, molecular genetics, the immunology, the microbiology, the public health, to the new area of the human body as a symbiont, to public health, environmental science. |
公约 将 遗传材料 广义地定义为 来自植物 动物 微生物或其它来源的任何含有遗传功能单位的材料 遗传资源 定义为 具有实际或潜在价值的遗传材料 (第2条) | The Convention broadly defines genetic material as any material of plant, animal, microbial or other origin containing functional units of heredity and genetic resources as genetic material of actual or potential value (art. 2). |
遗传工程生物技术中心 国际遗传工程和生物技术中心 | ICGEB International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology |
研究者总是认为 他们的任务是揭示新生物和遗传学 至于将生物和遗传学转化为临床成果 那是其他人的事情 据此 许多遗传学家从事着 大科学 基因组学 包括专注人类普遍遗传变异的全基因组相关研究 | Researchers often believe that their mission is to uncover new biology and genetics, and that someone else will translate them to the clinical arena. Accordingly, many geneticists have worked on big science genomics, including genome wide association studies focused on common genetic variation in the human species. |
生命科学领域的能力建设 微生物学和微生物技术区域网 | Capacity building in the life sciences Regional Network for Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology |
国际遗传工程和生物技术中心(遗传工程中心) | International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB) |
关于慎重推广使用基因遗传微生物和利用染色体组分析和基因疗法治疗人体问题 由于关于处理遗传工程微生物的联邦法 所谓的 基因技术法 (Gentechnikgesetz) 设立了一个基因技术委员会和一个常设的染色体组分析和基因疗法科学委员会 | With regard to the deliberate release and introduction of genetically engineered organisms and the use of genome analysis and gene therapy for the treatment of human beings, and as a result of a federal act regulating the handling of genetically engineered organisms, i.e. the so called Gene Technology Act (Gentechnikgesetz), a gene technology commission and a permanent scientific committee for genome analysis and gene therapy have been established. |
微重力学的材料 液体和生物科学 | material, fluid and bio science in microgravity |
遗传医学 | (b) Genetic medicine |
但就生物学更大范围的而言 对称性事实上非常重要 因为它能传递遗传信息 | But on a larger scale of biology, actually symmetry is very important, because it actually communicates genetic information. |
即使最少量的土壤样品中也包含数十亿的微生物,而微生物学家只鉴定了其中不到5 的微生物 | Even the smallest soil sample contains billions of micro organisms, of which microbiologists will have characterized less than 5 per cent. |
平心而论 对某些患者来说 药物遗传学带来了极大的不同 药物遗传学癌症药物赫赛汀的研究试验原始实验对象芭芭拉 布拉德菲尔德 Barbara Bradfield 因该药而情况稳定地生活了20多年 但类似的成功太罕见 不足以构成遗传学的 黄金时代 | Barbara Bradfield, one of the original subjects in research trials for the pharmacogenetic cancer drug Herceptin, has now been stable on the drug for more than 20 years. But such success stories are far too rare to constitute a golden age of genetics. |
基于遗传算法进行生物形态进化 | Evolve biomorphs using genetic algorithms |
对动物和植物的观察显示了微重力和辐射对于生长型态 遗传物质 骨髓发展 细胞分解和繁殖所产生的作用 以及抗生素的效力 | Investigations on animals and plants exhibited the effects of microgravity and radiation on growth patterns, genetic material, bone development, cell differentiation and reproduction, and the effectiveness of antibiotics. |
从某种程度来讲 这是正确的 这一发现构成了遗传学的基础 并开启了新兴研究领域 合成生物学便是其中之一 在该学科中 生物系统可以被创造或改造以实现特定的功能 类似地 DNA还推动了重要创新 比如药物遗传学癌症疗法 即专门对付癌细胞内的具体遗传缺陷 | The finding forms the basis of genetics and has opened up promising new research areas, such as synthetic biology, in which biological systems are created or modified to perform specific functions. Likewise, it has facilitated important innovations, such as pharmacogenetic cancer treatment, in which drugs target specific genetic defects within cancer cells. |
我们知道微生物藉由人类 和空气传播 | We know that microbes are dispersed around by people and by air. |
国际植物遗传资源研究所(国际植物遗传所) 野生草类物种遗传多样化形态 萨赫勒区域的原地养护 以监测几年来的植被变化情况 制定出原地养护战略并利用非洲易发生荒漠化地区的植物遗传资源 对农业生物种类多样性的原地养护 | International Plant Genetic Resources Institute (IPGRI) patterns of genetic diversity in wild forage species in situ conservation in the Sahel region to monitor vegetation change over years strategies for in situ conservation and utilization of plant genetic resources in desert prone areas of Africa in situ conservation of agricultural biodiversity. |
发育遗传学时代 | The Age of Epigenetics |
另一重要的发展将会发生在 遗传学领域 | The other major development is going to be in the area of what can happen in genetics. |
微生物学让我兴奋的是 它的高效率 | What excites me about using microbes is their efficiency. |
但这样的用法存在不小的局限 该指数由两项生物学指标 体重和身高 计算得出 因此算出的得分本身并不具有生物学意义 因此 基于特定遗传指标和体重指数关系的遗传学肥胖研究也没有什么意义 | Because the index is calculated from two biological measures (weight and height), the resulting score has no biological meaning in itself. Thus, studies of the genetics of obesity that are based on a relationship between certain genetic markers and the BMI are also meaningless. |
为了人民的遗传学 | Genetics for the People? |
我当然不是基因遗传学专家 所以我也不必装作了解基因遗传学 | Now I'm not a geneticist, so I'm not going to pretend to understand the genetics. |
致病性细菌 是指任何可造成传染病的微生物 | The definition of pathogenic germs indicates any micro organism able to cause infectious disease. |
126. 每种生命都包括该生物遗传组成部分特有的顺序,因此理论上能够确定任何原始遗传顺序 | 126. Every life form possesses sequences in its genetic makeup that are specific to that organism in theory, therefore, the origin of any genetic sequence can be determined. |
处于微重力状态的材料 流体和生物科学 | Materials, fluid and bioscience in microgravity. |
考古学家们更加仔细地观察了 伴生的微型生物群 和原始人处在同时期同地域的微型生物群 | The paleontologists themselves looked a bit more closely at the accompanying microfauna that lived in the same time and place as the hominids. |
人类学 社会学 遗传学 自然资源管理 | Genetics, Natural Resource |
第一类是电化学生物传感器 | The first is the electrochemical biosensor. |
因为当我们谈论遗传学和生物学 谈论基因修饰 改造和调整时 我们谈论的实际是改造我们自己 | Because when we talk about our genetics and our biology, and modifying and altering and adjusting these things, we're talking about changing ourselves. |
他们在做一个实验 跟遗传学有关 以及研究动物的前后肢 | They were doing an experiment to do with genetics and the forelimbs and the hind limbs of animals. |
41. 生物多样性公约 Markus Lehmann先生强调 根据 生物多样性公约 在与取用和转让利用遗传资源的技术交换的情况下可以允许取用遗传资源 | Mr. Markus Lehmann, Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) stressed that, under the CBD, access to genetic resources can be granted in exchange for access to, and transfer of, technology that makes use of those genetic resources. |
有关遗传学的文化偏见 | The Cultural Bias of Genetics |
生物物理学 特别是微重力情况下的电泳和蛋白质晶体生成研究 | Biophysics, in particular electrophoretic and protein crystal growth studies in microgravity. |
莱塞姆自 2007 年起一直担任西北大学微生物学和免疫学副教授 | Lathem has been an associate professor of microbiology and immunology at Northwestern University since 2007. |
这是一个以区域为重点的方案,旨在培养发展中国家的能力,挖掘生物技术潜力,开发人和动物疫苗,并用遗传工程技术对植物和工业微生物进行基因重组 | This is a regionally focused programme aimed at building up capacities in developing countries that use biotechnology s potential for developing human and animal vaccines, and engineering the genetics of plants and industrial micro organisms. |
quot 4. 在影响到未出生婴儿的健康的遗传病和缺陷方面 法律和生物学之间必须积极地相互作用 | 4. There must be positive interaction between law and biology in regard to hereditary diseases and defects that affect the health of unborn children. |
根据康塞普西翁 最后声明 中的建议 在工发组织和意大利的里雅斯特国际遗传工程和生物技术中心 遗传工程中心 的支助下 于2005年在康塞普西翁大学首次开设了生物安全研究生课程 | Pursuant to the recommendations of the Concepción Final Statement, the first post graduate course in bio security had been launched at Concepción University in 2005, with support from UNIDO and the International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB) in Trieste, Italy. |
达到这个年龄后 生物遗传的意义 就完全淡化了 | After that the effect of evolution completely dissipates. |
4. 188个缔约国在 生物多样性公约 序言第一段申明 意识到生物多样性的内在价值 和生物多样性及其组成部分的生态 遗传 社会 经济 科学 教育 文化 娱乐和美学价值 | The 188 parties to CBD are, as stated in the first preambular paragraph of the Convention, conscious of the intrinsic value of biological diversity and of the ecological, genetic, social, economic, scientific, educational, cultural, recreational and aesthetic values of biological diversity and its components . |
如今这领域叫做光遗传学 | This field has now come to be known as optogenetics. |
这就是医药遗传学 医药学与 遗传学的结合 针对个体体质的医药 Juan在前面已经有所涉及 | There's pharmacogenomics, the combination of pharmacology and genetics tailoring drugs to our individual constitutions that Juan talked about a little bit earlier. |
2. 伊拉克于1970年代开始生物研究 当时的重点是普遍研究各种微生物的基本参数和特性 但总的来说 研究并不仅限于生物战传统使用的微生物 | Although the biological work was initiated by Iraq in the 1970s, at that stage it was focused on general research into the basic parameters and characteristics of different micro organisms but, in general, not exclusively those traditionally associated with biological warfare. |
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