So a history of dealings with the purported signor, or a low value transaction, may persuade someone to rely on a signature that would not be satisfactory if it were from a stranger or for a high value transaction.

Mazen Ahmed Awad Ben Hassan

(Signed) Somaia Barghouti Chargé d'affaires a.i.

Chargé d'affaires a.i.

Signature Signature

(Signed) Elfatih Erwa Permanent Representative

Sudan to the United Nations A 53 505

(Signed) S. V. Lavrov The Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation

In the first, one of the parties to a transaction in which a signature is required tries to escape its obligations by denying that its signature (or the other party's signature) was valid not on the ground that the purported signer did not sign, or that the document it signed has been altered, but only on the ground that the method of signature employed was not as reliable as appropriate in the circumstances.

Please provide a new name for the bookmark

So you just provided a signature.

Ambassador Raph Uwechue

(Signed) Li Zhaoxing Minister for Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China

(Signed) S. Lavrov Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation

of the Russian Federation of Tajikistan to the of Uzbekistan to the to the United Nations United Nations United Nations English Page

Deputy Permanent Representative of Canada to the United Nations

(Signed) Illegible Ministry for Foreign Affairs United Arab Emirates

(Signed) S. N. Martynov The Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Belarus

(Signed) P. Chkheidze Permanent Representative of Georgia to the United Nations

Three hundred persons filed nomination papers.

It is not the form of the signature, but the proven link between the signature and the purported signor based on the context, that gives the signature its legal effect.

(Signed) K. K. Tokaev The Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan

(Signed) T. N. Nazarov The Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Tajikistan

(Signed) A. Lukashenko President of the Republic of Belarus Annex III

In commercial transactions, the person relying on a signature always takes the risk that the signature is not genuine, so he evaluates the risk that the signature is not genuine and protects himself accordingly.

(Signed) R. Alimov

(Signed) G. T. Gharibjanian p.p. the Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Armenia

(Signed) K. Tokayev Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan

(Signed) A. Aimatov Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Kyrgyz Republic

(Signed) T. Nazarov Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Tajikistan

In order to establish the signature's function of linking the signor with the signed document, the context of the signing will always have to be demonstrated, whether the signature is on paper or electronic.

The source reports that the treatment given to the co signatories to the open letter has been different in each case, and thus discriminatory.

The question is who decides whether it is reliable the person who chooses to rely on it, or someone outside the transaction in which it was used.

Controller Director United Nations Acting High

Both the cross X and machine printed name are legally valid signatures, though questions of proof may arise. In each case, it is a matter of proof whether the purported signor did in fact sign in that manner and intended thereby to sign the document.

The party relying on a signature, whether handwritten or electronic, takes the risk that the signature is not valid or that it is a forgery.

(Signed) R. I. Otunbaeva The acting Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Kyrgyz Republic

V. Putin President of the People's President of the Republic of China Russian Federation

Permanent Representative of Georgia to the United Nations (Signed) Ion Gorita

(Signed) Timothy Wirth President Annex II

(Signed) SHEN Guofang (Signed) Sergey LAVROV Ambassador Ambassador

of the Russian Federation to the United Nations A 53 770

The draft Convention would allow a court to invalidate a transaction at the suit of a third party, on the ground of insufficient reliability of the signature, even if the parties have proved the act of signing as a matter of fact.

Vienna

Signatures