Disabling regulatory policies.

Mobility restrictions and closure policies

C. Supply side constraints and policies

Greece and the Limits of Anti Austerity

Emerging policy challenges and constraints

C. Supply side constraints and policies 41 44

B. Supply side constraints and policy options

B. Supply side constraints and policy options 21 26

(b) Liberalizing food prices and restrictive policies with respect to incomes

Some developed countries were still pursuing restrictive trade policies.

(iii) Competition law and policy (Intergovernmental Group of Experts on Restrictive Business Practices) 1

(i) Furthering synergies between energy policy and other policy areas developed in the context of greenhouse gas limitation reduction

Unfortunately, flawed public policy limits the available options.

These programmes included restrictive monetary and fiscal policies, financial sector consolidation and structural reform.

After pursuing a restrictive policy regime during the 1970s and 1980s, India shifted to a new, transparent and liberal OFDI policy regime during the 1990s.

The major constraints on development flowing from existing global policies in trade, finance and technology need to be removed in favour of policies that promote development.

In addition, a moratorium could be placed on any restrictive policies relating to outsourcing (e.g. government procurement).

In 2005, however, it was reported that ethnic proposals and discussions were curtailed by Government policy.

There is no bar on representation of women in government policy.

In some legal systems a unilateral exclusion of limitation of liability would be contrary to public policy.

The Chilean effort to limit vulnerability to speculative outflows by limiting speculative inflows is the best known in this class of policy measures.

At the same time, some developed countries had adopted harsh border control measures and restrictive asylum policies.

National and global governance and policy frameworks can either promote or hinder social development, depending on the quality of governance and the policies formulated within such frameworks.

These plans have been instrumental in moving entities beyond policy formulation towards implementation, especially if they are accompanied by specific timelines and results based monitoring mechanisms.

In its effort to control rising housing prices, China s government has pursued nine distinct policies, not all of which have served their purpose. Though policies like limits on mortgages for first time buyers and minimum residency requirements for purchasing property in a first tier city like Beijing or Shanghai helped to ease demand, supply side tactics, such as limiting credit to real estate developers and imposing new taxes on property sales, have proved to be counter productive.

The role of the State is fundamental in the development of policies to curb the tendency towards inequitable income distribution as far as possible.

It is also imperative to move away from the policy conditionalities that restrict developing countries' policy options and to remove coercive measures that are unilaterally applied against developing countries.

In several countries, the mechanisms for coordinating the various sectoral policies are as yet of fairly limited effectiveness.

25. There were three types of migration policy assimilation of migrants with full retention of cultural identity and practices (Canada and the United States of America) assimilation into the host culture (France) and the segregation of migrants through such measures as temporary residence rights the limitation of family reunions the restriction of opportunities for naturalization and limited social, cultural, economic and political participation.

Use of outsourcing is covered by existing controls and procedures and, in the absence of explicit policies, by implicit policies.

His delegation also hoped that the Government of Israel would refrain from its policy of imposing restrictions that hindered the Agency's activities.

Special and differential treatment under Article 6 (Paragraph 2) of the Uruguay Round Agreement on Agriculture allows a special category of production support policies for developing countries.

23. Relaxation of policy limitations on a domestic financial sector should not be carried to the point of complete laissez faire.

It was said that, in the context of international insolvency, it was inappropriate to restrict the operation of public policy only to cases where the violation of it was manifest.

Member States must not confine their role to policy setting, but must be fully engaged in all areas of management and budgeting.

In addition, the degree of restrictiveness of the controls needs to be relaxed when conditions warrant, in other words, controls should be a flexible instrument of policy.

Finland tightened its immigration regulations in 2004, following closely the restrictive stance taken by Denmark in 2002. Portugal adopted more restrictive provisions in 2001, after Spain implemented a similar reform in 2000.

As a policy matter there is no restriction, reservation or discrimination against females in seeking education in any subject.

The issues of policies and measures and of quantified emission limitation and reduction objectives will be addressed under item 3 (a).

Policy development at the international level, meant primarily to support or enable more effective national responses, has similarly been hampered by a limited knowledge base.

In that regard, she asked if the Government's national health policy was goal oriented and had time bound targets.

In this regard, the Group of 77 and China calls for the elimination of aid conditionalities which restrict the policy options for developing countries and thereby the real effectiveness of development cooperation.

Guaranteed access to markets is required for local communities and the removal of policies that restrict forest landscape restoration, such as onerous taxation of community sales of products.

The national machinery helps the government to develop policy and policy related measures.

Any policies designed to restrict the associated growth in greenhouse gas emissions would need to be targeted at all of these areas. Such policies include