And infection would continue to claim a majority of surgical patients until the next big revolution in surgery, which was aseptic technique.

With the patient insensitive to pain, and a sterile operating field all bets were off, the sky was the limit.

Provision is made in the amount of 30,500 for replacement of items such as an electric suction pump, autoclave and metal case for autoclave, suction pump recharging adapter, surgical knives, amputation equipment, surgical clothing and vacuum mattress.

Youhei Sasaki whom you operated on, he's been recovering well up to yesterday.

An operation would have been no earthly use at all.

We have things like E. coli that we can't fix, that we can't make kids better when they get sick.

And this is called NOTES, and this is coming basically scarless surgery, as mediated by robotic surgery.

Yoav Medan Ultrasound surgery healing without cuts

That is safe, sterile drinking water.

And that pattern, the architecture of that pattern on its skin denticles keep bacteria from being able to land and adhere.

That's why it's pointless to do the lung operation.

Surgeon and inventor Catherine Mohr tours the history of surgery , then demos some of the newest tools for surgery through tiny incisions, performed using nimble robot hands. Fascinating but not for the squeamish.

No doubt, I was informed, the consent had been obtained.

Joseph Lister was aepsis's, or sterility's, biggest advocate, to a very very skeptical bunch of surgeons.

And so we use a virus that's a non toxic virus called M13 bacteriophage that's job is to infect bacteria.

Go to Kanazawa, make sure the opponent gets poisoned, aren't you good at that?

I've told you, a good surgeon alone can't be a professor.

So our team developed new techniques for actually growing, cloning entire bacterial chromosomes in yeast.

And what happens is this can be implanted into a human heart without open heart surgery.

The germs that were present in the straw top bottles were described as mostly harmless.

That's what the surgeon is saying in the operating room when the patient's on the table.

The objective is to review policy instruments for stimulating the diffusion of ESTs and promoting environmentally sound technological development.

And after umpteen surgeries and, you can imagine, really unspeakable tragedy, he just said, That's it. I'm done. That's enough.

Consider the fungi including mushrooms, rusts, molds and many disease causing organisms.

We thought, well what if we could sort of do behavior modifications, just make these bacteria so they can't talk, they can't count, and they don't know to launch virulence.

And the first surgery of the day happened to be an obstetrical case.

It's been estimated that a single ton of soil fertile soil contains approximately four million species of bacteria, all unknown.

A talk about surgical robots is also a talk about surgery.

I agree. We should operate as soon as possible.

I'm sorry.

To understand how the bacteria affected the immune system, the researchers grew L. reuteri in liquid and then transferred small amounts of the liquid without bacteria to immature immune cells isolated from mice.

What you're looking at on this slide is just a person from my lab holding a flask of a liquid culture of a bacterium, a harmless beautiful bacterium that comes from the ocean, named Vibrio fischeri.

And along comes pneumococcus or another bacteria, streptococcus and boom, they get a bacterial pneumonia.

Building on simulation technology, virtual reality will allow surgeons to rehearse procedures, including with surgical robots, in a digital environment. The ability to map out complex cases and practice rare procedures before performing them on a patient will undoubtedly lead to better surgical performance and improved medical outcomes.

Is it dental surgery you want? General surgery you want?

kde Visual Dictionary of terms

(The magical scalpel)

This is a really odd one. This is Ferroplasma.

But you need to talk about surgical instruments and the evolution of surgical technology together.

But then where it says low social class, that's unskilled manual occupations.

On the other hand, Guy Haines is a quiet, methodical player almost lackadaisical.

Motion scaling which allows the robotic arms to mimic the exact movements of the surgeon s hands, but on a much smaller scale will enable surgeons to manipulate tissue that is too small for the naked eye to detect. With the development of smaller microsurgical tools and high performance cameras and monitors, operating at the cellular level will be possible.

And actually that's probably the difference between cosmetic surgery and this kind of surgery.

No operation?

Come into the surgery.