Effective complaints procedures and remedies, including compensation, should be provided.

Substantive issues Right to equality before the law and equal protection of the law Right to an effective remedy

5.2 In relation to the exhaustion of domestic remedies, counsel pointed out that, in accordance with the general principles of international law, the domestic remedies which must be exhausted are those which are effective, adequate or sufficient, in other words, which offer a serious chance of providing an effective remedy for the alleged violation.

In any event, given the grave nature of the case, only a criminal remedy can be considered effective and sufficient and thus necessary to exhaust.

Ms. García (Paraguay) said that there were two legal remedies in Paraguay for cases of domestic violence Act No. 1600 on domestic violence represented the civil remedy, while the Penal Code represented the criminal remedy.

The Federal Court also has authority to order the stay of an expulsion order pending consideration of an application for judicial review.

To consider effective enforcement mechanisms and remedies.

(b) The claim is one to which the rule of exhaustion of local remedies applies and any available and effective local remedy has not been exhausted.

The Committee recalls that the absence of cases may be due to the victims' lack of information about the existing remedies, and therefore recommends that the State party ensure that appropriate provisions are available in national legislation regarding effective protection and remedies against violation of the Convention and that the public at large is appropriately informed about their rights and the legal remedies available against their violation.

Such awareness is an essential prerequisite for effective remedies, and without effective remedies we will not be able to assess the extent of progress, or the lack of it, towards the realization of the Goals.

Right to an effective remedy

4.13 The State party maintains that the complainants have not exhausted the domestic remedies available to them and have not demonstrated that such remedies would be unreasonably prolonged or unlikely to bring effective relief.

International legal remedies must be explored.

It observes that the author has not submitted that such remedies are ineffective or that such remedies would be unreasonably prolonged.

Meeting on 7 March 2005,

The right to a remedy needs to be examined in individual cases but also in exercising the more general monitoring function performed, in particular, by treaty bodies.

14. An adequate, effective and prompt remedy for gross violations of international human rights law or serious violations of international humanitarian law should include all available and appropriate international processes in which a person may have legal standing and should be without prejudice to any other domestic remedies.

An adequate, effective and prompt remedy for gross violations of international human rights law or serious violations of international humanitarian law should include all available and appropriate international processes in which a person may have legal standing and should be without prejudice to any other domestic remedies.

In either case, human rights law requires the provision of an effective remedy.

2005 Right to an effective remedy

The right to an effective remedy.

The right to an effective remedy.

8.4 Concerning the State party's arguments that on going negotiations might provide an effective remedy, the Committee referred to its jurisprudence that remedies that must be exhausted for the purposes of the Optional Protocol are, primarily, judicial remedies.

(d) All effective available domestic remedies have not been exhausted. This rule shall not apply where the application of the remedies is unreasonably prolonged.

The Committee urges that the State party ensure that appropriate provisions are available in national legislation regarding effective protection and remedies against violation of the Convention and disseminate to the public information on the legal remedies available against those violations as widely as possible.

Right to an effective remedy

Completely effective domestic remedies would involve the appropriate punishment of the perpetrator, appropriate civil redress for the victim and a domestic mechanism for examiningthat examines the implications of such incidents to try to ensure that they are not repeated and that any changes to

He said that the right to an effective remedy was one of the most fundamental principles of the rule of law.

(d) All available domestic remedies have not been exhausted. This shall not be the rule where the application of the remedies is unreasonably prolonged or unlikely to bring effective relief

Victims of terrorist acts are entitled to full remedies for the violations of their rights in conformity with international law relating to effective remedies and reparations.

Right to an effective remedy 63

19.2 States should take immediate steps to repeal unjust or arbitrary laws and laws that otherwise have a discriminatory effect on the enjoyment of the right to housing, land and property restitution, and should ensure remedies for those wrongfully harmed by the prior application of such laws.

The effectiveness of that remedy had been recognized by the European Court of Human Rights.

Finally, he has exhausted all legal remedies open to him.

The Committee recommends that the State party consider withdrawing its reservation and enact legislation to give full effect to article 4 of the Convention, as well as to provide for effective remedies according to article 6.

Such a requirement should also have a legitimate aim and respect the requirement of proportionality in order to constitute a legal ground for discrimination.

(b) Since the questions related to whether or not there was any truth to the allegations, we had hoped that the Committee's observation would have taken account of the additional information which had been requested on that subject

2.4 The complainant claims that he has exhausted available domestic criminal remedies and refers to international jurisprudence according to which only a criminal remedy can be considered effective and sufficient in addressing violations of the kind at issue in the instant case.

Where, however, the State fails to provide effective remedies, the international mechanisms have no alternative other than to become the court of first instance.

2. Urges States to ensure that their constitutional and legal systems provide effective guarantees of freedom of thought, conscience, religion and belief, including the provision of effective remedies in cases in which the right to freedom of religion or belief is violated

An adequate, effective and prompt remedy for gross violations of international human rights law or serious violations of international humanitarian law should include all available and appropriate international processes in which a person may have legal standing and should be without prejudice to any other domestic remedies.

He is represented by counsel.

(a) There are no reasonably available local remedies to provide effective redress, or the local remedies provide no reasonable possibility of such redress

3.5 With regard to article 2 of the Covenant, the author submits that the Supreme Court's failure to give effect to his rights under article 14, paragraph 1, deprived him of the only effective remedy available under Cypriot law.

Neither did they request the Czech authorities through inter State legal assistance procedure to interview the complainant.