A process of consultation, dialogue and coordination between the formal and non formal legal systems can improve access to justice.

Concerning the State law, and the Constitution of the Republic, the Law formally establishes that there is equal right before the law, between men and women, in the use of land.

Format finalized and being cleared by Office of Legal Affairs.

The law establishes the obligation to enter into marriage in an official registry office.

The laws and international legal instruments accepted by Tajikistan enter into force after their official publication.

However, it cannot be a substitute either for a political agreement or for official legal action.

The Erosion of Law

The problem lies not in legal or formal constraints but in cultural attitudes.

Legal assistance services should not be incorporated in the formal judicial apparatus but be independent from judicial control.

In only 20 countries did the constitution or the law officially recognize the right of a foreigner to leave his country of residence.

They can appeal before courts only on matters related to their matrimony should their marriage be official or legal.

Malta reported that its constitution granted an actio popularis to everyone who felt that a particular law infringed the constitution, and that some laws had to be amended after being challenged by the courts.

States should ensure improved access to legal and other remedies through the joint cooperative action of the formal legal institutions and quasi legal or non formal personnel, such as non governmental organizations and community leaders, who can help to safeguard and protect children at the grassroots level.

OIOS noted that the legal officers of UNMIK, and to a lesser extent some other peacekeeping missions, regularly request advice from the Office of Legal Affairs, both formally and informally.

In fact, the children of cohabiting couples were granted the same legal status as those of married parents in the old Act.

In that context, effective strategies for building domestic criminal justice systems should give due attention to laws, processes (both formal and informal) and institutions.

In the judiciary, women now account for 22 per cent of judges and 37 per cent of public defenders.

The cases of children and juveniles in conflict with the law are heard in an informal setting outside the formal national Law Courts building, in the State multi purpose social work centre.

There is a wide gap as a result between formal law and the exercise of rights in practice.

Swedish national legislation takes the form of either framework legislation or special statutes.

IAPWG remains an informal forum without policy or legislative oversight.

The official records on the adherence of States to the drug control conventions are maintained at the United Nations Office of Legal Affairs.22

2.6 On 15 May 1998, a new law On the Liberty of Conscience and Religious Organisations entered into force.

According to the Beijing News, the Quanzhou Lawyers Association issued a formal notice that the behaviors of the two lawyers did not involve violations of laws and regulations and were not punished according to law.

The Department of Justice and Human Rights is in charge to finalize this draft law until it is duly deliberated and approved by the Parliament.

The number of monogamous marriages in recent years has been increasing. Such marriages may be entered into with a nikokh religious ceremony and without State registration. They entail no legal consequences.

In addition, a lack of knowledge of the manner in which formal processes are conducted or of international legal and other standards is often presented as an excuse for not including women in such formal processes.

(a) A Government will not formally recognize that an armed conflict exists, and the correct legal regime cannot therefore be applied to the situation

During informal meetings of the Fifth Committee on this matter, the Secretariat was requested to provide a written statement that had been provided informally by the Office of Legal Affairs.

The other lawyers had not lodged official complaints.

Progressive rapprochement between customary dispute resolution mechanisms and the formal legal system could improve the administration of justice.

The objective of law is justice.

In addition, it had been decided that specific legislation on domestic violence was needed and, in July 2003, the Law on Protection from Domestic Violence had been adopted.

Islamic law (Shariah) is officially applied by all, with varying degrees of strictness.

Having been constituted by both bodies, there is now formally a Peacebuilding Commission.

The group, which came to be known as the Zangger Committee, decided that its status was informal and that its decisions would not be legally binding upon its members.

In New Zealand, there was no formal procedure, complaints could be made to the Chief Justice, the Chief District Court Judge, the Law Society and the Minister of Justice or Attorney General.

(d) The formalizing of existing informal bilateral arrangements regarding non strategic nuclear reductions, such as the Bush Gorbachev declarations of 1991, into legally binding agreements

(Co )author and (co )editor of 10 books, i.a. of the leading commentary on the Austrian Criminal Law, and of some 50 contributions in books and law journals in German, English, French, Spanish, Arab, Italian, and Japanese.

Respect for the right to a defence, the right to adversarial proceedings and the right to be represented by defence counsel have long been the main principles underpinning due process and have been enshrined in texts of differing legal authority established by the domestic legal systems of different countries.

The corpus of Eastern church laws

The court system wasn't functioning properly.

In addition, the Philippine Government is developing both formal and non formal peace education programmes and establishing a network of peace centres throughout the country.

This list is divided into two categories (a) countries where the possibility of performing such unarmed service is legally and officially recognized (b) those where such a possibility exists only on an ad hoc or unofficial basis.

The status of families accommodating refugee or displaced children should be regularized.