Difluoromethane, pentafluoroethane, and 1,1,1,2 tetrafluoroethane

Fluorocarbons and SF6

Water, sanitation and hygiene are also linked to many other diseases that kill children or stunt their development, including helminth infections, dracunculiasis, trachoma, cholera, fluorosis and arsenicosis.

Fluorine

(f) Limitation of the production and consumption of PFC, HFC and SF6 and

(c) Limitation of the production and consumption of PFC, HFC and SF6 and

The 1998 Declaration on HCFCs, HFCs and PFCs could also usefully be revisited.

Limitation and reduction of emissions of hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons and sulphur hexafluoride. Annex B

(xi) Limit and or reduce emissions of hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons and sulphur hexafluoride

Difluoromethane, pentafluoroethane, and 1,1,1,2 tetrafluoroethane azeotropic mixture with approximately 23 difluoromethane

azeotropic mixture with approximately 20 difluoromethane

azeotropic mixture with approximately 10 difluoromethane

Total emissions of HFCs, PFCs and SF6 (gigagrams of CO2 equivalent)

Eighteen Parties (15 per cent) provided estimates of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs) and or sulphur hexafluoride (SF6).

Dichlorodifluoromethane and difluoroethane azeotropic mixture with approximately 74 dichlorodifluoromethane (Refrigerant gas R 500)

Perflourooctanoic acid.

(a) Avoid, as far as possible, the use of fluorocarbons in testing procedures

Crystal 1

C2F6 hexafluoroethylene

CF4 carbon tetrafluoride

PFC perfluorocarbon SF6 sulphur hexafluoride

Sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) Industrial processes

Sulphur hexafluoride (SF6)

Hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons and sulphur hexafluoride were not covered in the communication, but these were estimated for 1994 in the inventories for 1992 1994 submitted in spring 1996, showing zero or very small emissions.

Most Parties reported emissions of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs) and sulphur hexafluoride (SF6), although not uniformly.

Industrial processes Most of the Parties reported emissions of the new gases, hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs) and sulphur hexafluoride (SF6).

Poly Tetra Fluoro Ethene

The team assumed that emissions of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) would increase while those of perfluorocarbons (PFCs) would decrease, but none of them were mentioned in the communication.

In line with the revised guidelines, the majority of Parties have extended their inventories to include hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, and sulphur hexafluoride and mention them in the policies and measures text in second national communications.

Mr. Kuijpers noted that related gases (CFCs, HFCs, HCFCs and PFCs) were used in a variety of sectors, including refrigeration and air conditioning, foams, medical aerosols, fire protection and non medical aerosols.

HFC, PFC and SF6 should be added no later than 2000 to the basket of gases for the above reduction objectives.

The communication did not include emission figures for hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs) and sulphur hexafluoride (SF6 ) and only aggregated emission levels for precursor gases were provided.

From 1990 to 1995 the relative shares of the gases did not change significantly, with the exception of HFCs, PFCs and SF6.

He noted that while the amounts of CFCs held in banks were decreasing, the amounts of HFC and HCFCs in banks were expanding, and that there were no regulatory obligations under either the Montreal Protocol or the Kyoto Protocol to restrict emissions from banked material.

(e) Perfluorooctane sulfonate

HFC hydrofluorocarbon

Perfluorocarbons (PFCs) Industrial processes

Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs)

Perfluorocarbons (PFCs)

The emissions of other GHGs (HFCs, PFCs, SF6) are expected to grow significantly, especially after 2000.

Illegal imports of CFCs have actually been detected in several cases.

Ireland is also encouraged to report on emissions of other gases whenever these occur in the country, examples being sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) and hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), and possibly perfluorocarbons (PFCs) from aluminium smelting.

and 52 1,1,1 trifluoroethane, see 2.2 3340

Companies switching from CFCs to other substances were accumulating growing volumes of CFCs for disposal, but could not keep them in storage indefinitely, and lacked the technical and financial capacity to destroy them.

Many Parties mentioned in this regard the substitution of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) by HFCs.