We're all breathing air right now. Air is a mixture of oxygen and nitrogen, about 20 percent oxygen. About 80 percent nitrogen is in our lungs.

It's nitrogen narcosis.

If you take nitrogen out, what's left? Oxygen, pretty much.

The nitrogen has two problems.

But now we have a compressed nitrogen cannon.

So that's where we get our nitrogen from.

Now the one thing that I forgot to mention, is that to obviate the problem of the nitrogen narcosis all of those blue dots in our body you remove the nitrogen and you replace it with helium.

Having said that, it works with compressed nitrogen.

Oxygen concentrators are very old technology. What is new, and what we will have in a few months, I hope, is that ability to use this same renewable energy system to provide and produce oxygen on site. Zeolite it's not new zeolite removes nitrogen from air and nitrogen is 78 percent of air.

And the problem, the limitation of diving with air is all those dots in your body all the nitrogen and all the oxygen.

In the '60s already, through the green revolution and the Haber Bosch process of fixing nitrogen from the atmosphere you know, human's today take out more nitrogen from the atmosphere than the whole biosphere does naturally as a whole.

The number one component of any fertilizer is nitrogen, and the first of the two German researchers, Fritz Haber, discovered how to work the dangerous, complex chemistry needed to pull nitrogen out of the atmosphere where it is abundant but useless for fertilizer and turn it into a substance that can grow plants.

And the reason for this, it turned out, after two or three years' work, was that in the skin we have huge stores not of nitric oxide, because nitric oxide is a gas, and it's released and in a few seconds it's away, but it can be turned into these forms of nitric oxide nitrate, NO3 nitrite, NO2 nitrosothiols.

Forests contain more than half of all terrestrial carbon, and account for most of the exchange of carbon between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere.

In our applications, we generally put air inside this diluent gas supply, because it's a very cheap and easy source of nitrogen.

We inject our own aerosols into the atmosphere, and we have trace gases, and not just carbon dioxide it's methane, ozone, oxides of sulfur and nitrogen.

We can flip lorries, coaches, buses, anything over with a nitrogen cannon with enough power.

Its atmosphere is largely molecular nitrogen, like you are breathing here in this room, except that its atmosphere is suffused with simple organic materials like methane and propane and ethane.

The nitrogen just sort of floats around in our blood and tissues, and that's all fine, that's how we're designed.

With respect to air quality, a number of steps have been taken to reduce emissions, such as introduction of fees on emissions of nitrogen oxides and stricter requirements on emissions from industrial activities.

And if we see the nitrogen dioxide and oxygen, I think we have the perfect E.T.

It is the spectrum of a planet like Earth, showing a presence of nitrogen dioxide, as a clear signal of life, and oxygen and ozone.

Each cylinder is about 10 percent ancient air, a pristine time capsule of greenhouse gases carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide all unchanged from the day that snow formed and first fell.

And we then thought to ourselves, with those big stores, I wonder if sunlight might activate those stores and release them from the skin, where the stores are about 10 times as big as what's in the circulation.

1 The World Health Organization recognizes six main types of air pollutants carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, particulate matter, sulphur dioxide, tropospheric ozone and suspended particulate matter.

Several gases, including carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide, warm the planet as their concentrations in the atmosphere increase. As the world economy grows, so do emissions of these gases, accelerating the pace of human caused climate change.

3 The anthropogenically produced greenhouse gases include carbon dioxide (CO2) methane (CH4) nitrous oxide (N2O) hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) perfluorocarbons (PFCs) and sulphur hexafluoride (SF6).

And today, we are in a situation where we estimate that we've transgressed three boundaries, the rate of biodiversity loss, which is the sixth extinction period in the history of humanity one of them being the extinctions of the dinosaurs nitrogen and climate change.

What nitric oxide does is it dilates blood vessels, so it lowers your blood pressure.

It's great. Lots of NO is released.

Moreover, energy use has grown 16 fold during the twentieth century, causing 160 million tons of atmospheric sulfur dioxide emissions per year more than twice the total of natural emissions. Likewise, more nitrogen fertilizer is applied in agriculture than is fixed naturally in all terrestrial ecosystems, and nitric oxide production from the burning of fossil fuels and biomass also surpasses natural emissions.

The green revolution, all of this artificial nitrogen fertilizer, we use too much of it.

Now we have our own liquid nitrogen.

The substitution of natural gas for coal has put the US on track to meet the Obama administration s international commitment to reduce CO2 emissions 17 below 2005 levels by 2020. Gas is also better for local air quality, owing to the absence of the sulfur dioxide, nitrous oxide, mercury, and particulates emitted by burning coal.

So what you can do is you can multiply those data by the NO that's released and you can calculate how much nitric oxide would be released from the skin into the circulation.

Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) could help to improve soil fertility and crop productivity.

These rockets use experimental motors like nitrous oxide.

It seemed we couldn't turn off the production of nitric oxide in the skin of humans.

Given that these mischievous forms of hemoglobin are difficult to study in living systems, researchers have largely ignored them. Instead, they have focused on strategies for preventing the kidneys from filtering the infused hemoglobin the hemoglobin from leaking through the blood vessel walls and synthetic hemoglobin from destroying nitric oxide (a gas produced in blood vessels that helps them to dilate and increase blood flow).

We worked out a mechanism, which NO was helping cells survive.

Modern science should focus on sustainable increases in land and water productivity, management of production risks caused by droughts, floods, pests, and on mitigation and adaption to climate change. Drought tolerant and pest resistant crop varieties, disease resistant livestock, and high yield agricultural production systems that use less water and capture nitrogen from the air are but a few examples of the kind of technologies needed.

And these are more stable, and your skin has got really large stores of NO.

Achieving this goal could offer scientists unprecedented opportunities for innovation, and better enable them to craft bespoke microorganisms and plants that produce pharmaceuticals, clean up toxic wastes, and obtain (or fix ) nitrogen from the air (obviating the need for chemical fertilizers).

And they were the first people to describe this new chemical transmitter, nitric oxide.

But I also became interested in research, and in particular I became interested in this substance, nitric oxide.