Even though regulations will phase out the production of chlorofluorocarbons in the future, the removal of chlorine from the stratosphere is a very slow process (taking decades or centuries), and stratospheric chlorine will continue to increase for at least the next few years, as chlorine already released into the lower atmosphere reaches the stratosphere.

Mr. Kuijpers noted that related gases (CFCs, HFCs, HCFCs and PFCs) were used in a variety of sectors, including refrigeration and air conditioning, foams, medical aerosols, fire protection and non medical aerosols.

They're exposed to chemicals like chloropicrin, which was originally used as a nerve gas.

Polychlorinated dibenzo p dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD PCDF), hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB).

These measurements provide the first global picture of the reactive form of chlorine that destroys ozone.

He wanted me to use words like polyvinyl chloride, which doesn't really work in voice balloons very well.

You would have a fluorine, carbon, carbon, chlorine.

To authorize the following levels of production and consumption necessary to satisfy essential uses of chlorofluorocarbons for metered dose inhalers for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

More limited production and consumption of HCFC 22 in the period prior to phase out would further protect the ozone layer and reduce greenhouse gas emissions of HCFC 22 and HFC 23 produced as an unwanted by product of HCFC 22 production.

Okay, I spent 25 years, in my middle age lungs now, breathing various concentrations of that.

The Committee also recommended that table B of decision XV 7 be updated to reflect any changes made to table A and that Israel be included in table B because its use of carbon tetrachloride (CTC) for removing nitrogen trichloride (NCL3) in the production of chlorine was a well known process agent use.

Other ODS are also being considered for inclusion.

You know we use PVC, and we sheath wires with PVC for insulation.

The Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) on the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS launched in 1991) continued, meanwhile, to make unprecedented measurements of global chlorine monoxide (ClO) concentration, observing the spatial relationships of ClO, ozone, temperature and other atmospheric variables.

Companies switching from CFCs to other substances were accumulating growing volumes of CFCs for disposal, but could not keep them in storage indefinitely, and lacked the technical and financial capacity to destroy them.

Other ODS, in particular CTC, TCA and HCFCs as well as refrigerant blends containing CFCs and methyl bromide are receiving less attention and are less comprehensively monitored and controlled.

Technical information on the management of flue gas and other residues, and on the testing, monitoring and reporting of releases, could be updated, and the subsection on formation mechanisms could be restructured to accommodate information on the formation of polychlorinated biphenyls and hexachlorobenzene.

The 1998 Declaration on HCFCs, HFCs and PFCs could also usefully be revisited.

In accordance with the Montreal Amendment to the Montreal Protocol licensing systems should be systematically applied not only to CFCs but also to imports and exports of other ODS, in particular to CTC, TCA, HCFCs, refrigerant blends containing CFCs and methyl bromide.

This is chlorocyclopentane.

The next thing is sodium chloride.

Carbon tetrachloride

(a) Reducing international trafficking of existing chlorofluorocarbons and ensuring a timely phase out of methyl bromide and hydrofluorocarbons

1,1,1 trichloro 2,2 bis (4 chlorophenyl) ethane

Strong caution is urged regarding the cumulative effect of many small continuing uses and emissions justified with pleas of insignificant impact, that could add a significant amount of ozone depleting chlorine and bromine to the atmosphere.

Other ODS, in particular CTC, TCA and HCFCs as well as refrigerant blends containing CFCs and methyl bromide are receiving less attention and are less comprehensively monitored and controlled.

In connection with levels of destruction and irreversible transformation, section III B of the general technical guidelines provides a provisional definition which refers to the persistent organic pollutant content of solid residues and the maximum acceptable atmospheric emissions of PCDDs and PCDFs from disposal operations, as well as examples of national legislation pertinent to atmospheric emissions and aqueous releases.

Imports of CFC 11 show a radical decline, even the demand for CFC 12 is partly decreasing while CFC prices tend to increase.

The main problem occurs with HCFCs and blends of CFCs which gradually take over portions of the CFC market and might then be the object of illicit commerce themselves.

Lastly, he noted that TEAP had proposed that a group of technologies related to the destruction of fluorinated gases be reviewed again in the near future and then opened the floor for comments.

While actions taken under the Montreal Protocol had so far led to a reduction in greenhouse gases, this was little cause for rejoicing, as much more could have been achieved if the Multilateral Fund had not funded so many HCFC and HFC alternatives to CFCs.

Training of customs officers focuses mainly on refrigerants (foremost CFC) while other ODS such as solvents (CTC, TCA) and methyl bromide are dealt with only in general terms.

(b) Tthe environmentally sound management of wastes consisting of, containing or contaminated with pesticides aldrin, chlordane, dieldrin, endrin, heptachlor, hexachlorobenzene, mirex and toxaphene

This compares with their major alternatives, HCFC 22 (global warming potential 1,780), HFC 134a (global warming potential 1,410), and HFC 141b (global warming potential 713).

In conclusion, he called for Parties to the Montreal Protocol to instruct the Executive Committee of the Multilateral Fund to cease funding new HCFC and HFC projects, and to review those for which funding had been agreed but had not yet been implemented, to introduce a second round of funding for phase out of HCFCs and HFCs, to accelerate phase out of HCFCs and, in collaboration with the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, to place a global cap on production of HFCs.

The guidelines on PCBs, PCTs and PBBs provide PCB specific information on management aspects such as legislation, inventories, sampling, monitoring, handling, collection, packaging, labelling, transportation, storage, health and safety.

So if that's the mirror, you would have a chlorine.

The special report estimated that in a mitigation scenario (with the global utilization of best practices and recovery methods to address these residual emissions), related direct greenhouse gas emissions of CFCs, HCFCs and HFCs could be reduced by about 50 per cent compared to the business as usual scenario.

This is due to a decrease in the emission of CFCs and, particularly, to a stabilization of HCFC emissions between 2002 and 2015.

In March 2005, the Secretariat engaged a consultant to continue the preparation of the specific technical guidelines on the pesticides aldrin, chlordane, dieldrin, endrin, heptachlor, hexachlorobenzene, mirex and toxaphene, and also on the industrial chemical hexachlorobenzene (industrial chemical) Australia has revised the draft specific technical guidelines on PCDDs and PCDFs, the first draft of which was submitted to the Open ended Working Group at its third session in Geneva.

As a result of the successful implementation of the Montreal Protocol and its amendments, the atmospheric concentration of chlorofluorocarbons (the man made chemicals that destroy stratospheric ozone) has generally begun to decline.

UNIDO's priorities in this area will therefore be as follows

Hydrochlorofluorocarbon, chillers and destruction technologies

For example, the Medical Technical Options Committee expressed the belief that it was critical during the final stages of the phase out of CFC MDIs that stockpiles of CFCs meeting quality requirements be utilized in preference to the production of new CFCs.

Transition from CFC 11 had almost been achieved in Parties operating under paragraph 1 of Article 5 and remaining use was less than 5 per cent of the original baseline, supported by the fact that CFC 11 prices were now at the same level as those of HCFC 141b.