Reproductive health

Yes. You would have torn reproductive organs.

Ritual Female Genital Operation (Female Circumcision)

In the context of female genital mutilation, the Committee has recommended that assistance should be given to those who perform female genital mutilation to gain other sources of income.

45. Canada s Criminal Code prohibits female genital mutilation and also precludes removal of a child from Canada for the purposes of female genital mutilation.

(a) Clarification of the criteria for acute toxicity, reproductive toxicity and target organ systemic toxicity

The Rural Health Project.

(k) To promote men's understanding of their roles and responsibilities with regard to promoting the elimination of harmful practices, such as female genital mutilation

The practice of FGM C remains widespread in parts of Africa.

General Recommendation 14 dealing with female genital mutilation

The law against genital mutilation was now being enforced.

ii. Policy to combat genital mutilation

(c) The work carried out by the Special Ambassador for the Elimination of Female Genital Mutilation of the United Nations Population Fund and her continuing contribution to the campaign to eliminate female genital mutilation

It notes with concern that the practice of female genital mutilation has not been given attention.

Female genital mutilation is a subject that is regularly raised in discussions with countries where it takes place.

For example, female genital mutilation amounted to criminal assault on a child.

The vaccination coverage rate for mothers and children, the primary beneficiaries.

International meeting on women's right to health and on female genital mutilation organized by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, held in Sweden

25. Canada s Criminal Code prohibits female genital mutilation and also precludes removal of a child from Canada for the purposes of female genital mutilation.

It also noted that female genital mutilation and early child birth contributed to the high rate of maternal mortality.

The United Republic of Tanzania87 has introduced a law against female genital mutilation which stipulates that any person who commits the offence of female genital mutilation is liable to imprisonment for a term of not less than 5 years and not exceeding 15 years and or to a fine.

International Conference on Zero Tolerance for Female Genital Mutilation, Addis Ababa

The extent of female genital mutilation among groups of African origin in the Netherlands is as yet unknown.

The Netherlands continues to be active internationally in the fight against female genital mutilation.

Enactment and effective enforcement of laws that prohibit female genital mutilation and marriage of girl children.

Urgent measures should be adopted to curtail the practices of female genital mutilation and forced marriage.

There is no definite information on the existence of female genital mutilation in Pakistan.

Traditions and customary practices, including female genital mutilation, affected implementation of the Convention.

He was briefed on the Programme national de lutte contre l'excision, and informed of the paucity of reliable data on the prevalence and forms of FGM that exist in the region, and that it is difficult to reach more isolated communities.

42. The Government of Gambia has proclaimed84 that the reproductive health issue, including female genital mutilation, may be publicly discussed on national radio and television networks and that non governmental organizations may utilize the official media to campaign about female genital mutilation.

When it comes to reproductive health, Law L 2000 010 AN of 10 July 2000 prohibits and severely punishes the practice of female genital mutilation. Yet despite these legal provisions, women and girls are still the victims of traditional practices harmful to their self fulfillment. These include

The Government had helped circumcisers to retrain for other activities.

Malignant tumours most commonly occurring among men are tumours of the lungs, stomach and prostate gland among women they are tumours of the urinary sexual organs, breast and cervix.

The Committee expresses similar concerns regarding the effectiveness of the law on female genital mutilation.

Was the Government making an effort to prevent female genital mutilation through awareness raising?

The Government planned to promulgate legislation banning female genital mutilation, abduction and other harmful traditional practices.

Furthermore, it is UNHCR s policy that female genital mutilation may be considered a form of torture.76

The strategy is being studied for use in other communities where female genital mutilation is still practised.

Through its culturally sensitive leadership, the REACH programme has succeeded in reducing female genital mutilation by 36 per cent in 1996.

That document also banned all physical and psychological violence, mutilation, early or forced marriage and sexual harassment.

According to UNICEF, the prevalence of female genital mutilation in Nigeria is estimated to be 50 per cent of the female population.

141. The Committee expresses concern that discriminatory traditional practices, such as lobola, polygamy and female genital mutilation, are still accepted.

No female genital cutting or mutilating surgery involving the vulva is performed.

The relationship between the high maternal mortality rate and early marriage and female genital mutilation was also raised in the Committee s concluding observations with regard to Sudan s second periodic report41 where the Committee also raised concerns about the life long negative impact of female genital mutilation on the girl child.

As a consequence, it will act as a support centre for organisations involved in preventing female genital mutilation (the focal point').