Translation of "腺瘤" to English language:
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腺瘤 - 翻译 :
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| 并且 这些防腐剂 已经在乳腺癌肿瘤中发现 | And these preservatives had been found in breast cancer tumors. |
| 但你无法想象 在高密度乳腺中找到肿瘤是多么困难 | But imagine how difficult it would be to find that tumor in this dense breast. |
| 好吧 高乳腺密度已经导致 寻找肿瘤比其它情况更困难 然而更糟的是 高乳腺密度也有力地预示 乳腺癌患病率的高风险 | Now it's bad enough that breast density makes it hard to find a cancer, but it turns out that it's also a powerful predictor of your risk for breast cancer. |
| 你可以看到右侧 X光片 显示一个成像模糊的肿瘤 肿瘤边缘由于高密度乳腺组织而变得模糊 | You can see, on the right, a mammogram showing a faint tumor, the edges of which are blurred by the dense tissue. |
| 在我们论证能找到小肿瘤之后 我们用这些肿瘤成像 申请Susan G.Komen苏珊 G 科曼乳腺癌基金会的赞助 | After we had demonstrated that we could find small tumors, we used these images to submit a grant to the Susan G. Komen Foundation. |
| 前哨淋巴结解剖 已经改变了我们治疗乳腺癌和黑素瘤的方式 | Sentinel lymph node dissection has really changed the way that we manage breast cancer, melanoma. |
| 一个是跟我一个患有乳腺癌的朋友有关 在发现一个小的乳腺肿瘤后 她在我住的那个城市做了手术切除 | One had to do with a friend of mine who had a breast cancer, had a small breast cancer detected had her lumpectomy in the town in which I lived. |
| 但是MBI完整显现了 肿瘤与其他细胞的区别 因此不受乳腺密度的影响 | But MBI exploits the different molecular behavior of tumors, and therefore, it's impervious to breast density. |
| 这就是为什么 乳房X光造影成像技术 可以在低乳腺密度的乳房中找到80 以上的肿瘤 而在极高乳腺密度的乳房中只能找到40 | That's why mammograms find over 80 percent of tumors in fatty breasts, but as few as 40 percent in extremely dense breasts. |
| 肿瘤和高密度乳腺组织 在乳房X光片上都呈现为白色 通常X光无法辨别这两者 | Both tumors and dense breast tissue appear white on a mammogram, and the X ray often can't distinguish between the two. |
| 但患者并不是唯一的变数 癌症也是多样化的 即使在症状相同的患者中间 在对50名患者的乳腺癌肿瘤进行完全基因组测序后 研究者发现只有10 的肿瘤存在三个以上的相同变异 一份测序了2000个肿瘤基因变异的最新研究表明 乳腺癌实际上应该被分为十种子类 | After sequencing the entire genomes of 50 patients breast cancer tumors, researchers found that only 10 of the tumors had more than three mutations in common. According to a recent study mapping genetic mutations in 2,000 tumors, breast cancer can actually be divided into ten subgroups. |
| 有四五次机会 发现这些乳腺肿瘤 触碰到它们 在早期就介入治疗 而不是我们发现的时候 | Four or five opportunities to see the breast masses, touch the breast mass, intervene at a much earlier stage than when we saw her. |
| 当屏幕上的Crystal患上了乳腺癌 有七万五千新增的年轻女性去做了早期胸部肿瘤X射线照相 | And when, onscreen, Crystal got breast cancer, 75,000 more young women went to have mammographies done. |
| 从死于车祸的人的尸检研究中 发现大约40 的女性 在40至50岁之间 确有微型的 乳腺 肿瘤 大约50 的五 六十岁的男性 有微型的前列腺 癌 实际上当我们到70多岁的时候 我们100 都会有微型的甲状腺 癌症 | Autopsy studies from people who died in car accidents have shown that about 40 percent of women between the ages of 40 and 50 actually have microscopic cancers in their breasts, about 50 percent of men in their 50s and 60s have microscopic prostate cancers, and virtually 100 percent of us, by the time we reach our 70s, will have microscopic cancers growing in our thyroid. |
| 德国汉诺威 乳腺癌是致命性最强的恶性肿瘤之一 西方国家有十分之一的妇女都受到乳腺癌威胁 如果研究一下 100 名妇女的家族遗传史 每 15 人中就有 1 人的一级亲属曾有过罹患乳腺癌的经历 | HANNOVER , GERMANY Breast cancer is among the most life threatening of malignancies, affecting about one in ten women in the Western world. Taking the family history of 100 healthy women, at least one affected first degree relative can be found in up to 15 of them. |
| 然而 根据预测 由于受放射性碘辐射的人甲状腺癌发病率持续增长 最近几年其他恶性肿瘤发病率可能会上升 心血管疾病及其他非肿瘤疾病可能会增加 | According to forecasts, however, in addition to the growing incidence of thyroid cancer among persons exposed to radioactive iodine, an increase in the number of cases of other forms of malignant neoplasm and cardiovascular and other non oncological types of disease may be expected in the years immediately ahead. |
| 携带变异的BRCA1或BRCA2基因的妇女患上乳腺癌的几率约有80 这些基因内的变异也导致了卵巢肿瘤的发生 | Women carrying a mutated BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene have roughly an 80 risk of developing breast cancer. A mutation in these genes also leads to an increased risk of developing ovarian tumors. |
| CAT扫描仪显示 肺部并没有血块 但是两侧胸部有清晰可见的肿块 是乳腺肿瘤 并且已经转移到 全身各部位 | And the CAT scan revealed no blood clots in the lung, but it showed bilateral, visible, palpable breast masses, breast tumors, that had metastasized widely all over the body. |
| 造影技术依靠的就是 肿瘤组织与周边组织的突显区别 我们看到这些区别 在高乳腺密度的乳房中很模糊 | Mammography relies on differences in the appearance of the tumor from the background tissue, and we've seen that those differences can be obscured in a dense breast. |
| 所以现在我们得知这项技术 可以在高乳腺密度的乳房中找到3倍多的肿瘤 还有一个很重要的问题需要解决 | So now that we knew that this technology could find three times more tumors in a dense breast, we had to solve one very important problem. |
| 实际上 芳香化酶在乳腺癌上起很关键的作用 最新的乳腺癌的治疗法 就是用一种叫来曲唑的化学制品 来阻止芳香化酶 阻止雌激素 所以如果你产生了变异的细胞 它不会长成肿瘤 | In fact, this aromatase is so important in breast cancer that the latest treatment for breast cancer is a chemical called letrozole, which blocks aromatase, blocks estrogen, so that if you developed a mutated cell, it doesn't grow into a tumor. |
| 现在 有趣的是 我们仍然在用八千万镑的阿特拉津 饮用水中第一多的杂质 起着相反的作用 启动芳香化酶 增加雌性激素 在老鼠身上长肿瘤 在人身上引发的就是肿瘤 乳腺癌 | Now what's interesting is, of course, that we're still using 80 million pounds of atrazine, the number one contaminant in drinking water, that does the opposite turns on aromatase, increases estrogen and promotes tumors in rats and is associated with tumors, breast cancer, in humans. |
| 最近 我的研究小组和伦敦的研究者们一起 为那些变异BRCA1 或 BRCA2基因携带者提供了真正的希望 两个研究团队描述了如何使用一种化学抑制剂消灭那些携带会引起遗传性乳腺癌的BRCA1或者BRCA2基因缺陷的肿瘤细胞 这种新治疗手段只以肿瘤细胞为目标 不会影响体内的其他健康细胞 该发现也能够防止遗传性乳腺癌转化为肿瘤 | Recently, my research group, along with researchers in London, provided some real hope for carriers of mutated BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes. Both research teams describe how the use of a chemical inhibitor can kill tumor cells that have either a BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene defect causing hereditary breast cancer. |
| 但这项研究更有意思的是 那些有前列腺癌症的男性 如果他们吃更多的番茄酱 他们实际上有更少的血管 来供给肿瘤 | But what's even more interesting from this study is that in those men who did develop prostate cancer, those who ate more servings of tomato sauce actually had fewer blood vessels feeding their cancer. |
| 通过使用磁共振成像和聚焦超声波技术 我们有一个全新的治疗前景 因为我们可以考虑 前列腺肿瘤切除 治疗局部病变 而不用切除整个腺体 这样就避免了 性功能丧失和尿失禁问题 | There is a unique opportunity now with focused ultrasound guided by MR, because we can actually think about prostate lumpectomy treating just the focal lesion and not removing the whole gland, and by that, avoiding all the issues with potency and incontinence. |
| 于是我开始与他讨论 乳腺密度的问题 我们意识到也许我们可以 把这个探测器放到距离乳房足够近的地方 去找到小肿瘤 | And I started talking to him about this problem with breast density, and we realized that we might be able to get this detector close enough around the breast to actually find small tumors. |
| 数码X光片如往常一样 显示大量高密度乳腺组织 但是MBI显示了一片高密度区域 该区域与一个直径2厘米的肿瘤有关 | The digital mammogram was read as normal and shows lots of dense tissue, but the MBI shows an area of intense uptake, which correlated with a two centimeter tumor. |
| 乳腺癌是女性最常见的癌症(有11 791例 或每100 000人 中93.1例) 然后是直肠癌(5 883例 黑素瘤 3 861例 和肺癌 2 891例 占女性癌症患者的60 | In females, breast cancer (11,791 cases, or 93.1 per 100,000 population ) is the most common registrable cancer, followed by colorectal cancer (5,883), melanoma (3,861) and lung cancer (2,891), in total, they account for 60 per cent of all registrable cancers in females. |
| 应排除对睾丸瘤 眼癌 成神经细胞瘤 肾母细胞瘤的研究 | Accordingly, the Panel recommends no compensation for this part of the first claim unit. |
| 但我们在检测和治疗癌症方面所取得的重大进展也引起了对肿瘤休眠问题的更多重视 病人往往似乎被治愈了 但却在数年甚至数十年之后复发 比如在乳腺癌和黑素瘤方面就有25年后再度复发的报告 | But our dramatic progress in detecting and treating cancer has also led to growing awareness of the problem of tumor dormancy a patient appears to be cured, only to have the same cancer return years or even decades later. In breast cancer or melanoma, for example, recurrences 25 years after initial treatment have been reported. |
| 51 这些癌症包括重症成淋巴母细胞白血病 重症骨髓性白血病 慢性淋巴细胞白血病 毛似细胞白血病 非霍奇金氏淋巴瘤 霍奇金氏病 根癌综合症 多种骨髓瘤 眼癌 埃文肉瘤 肾母细胞瘤 成神经细胞瘤 肉瘤 横纹肌肉瘤 睾丸瘤以及肺癌 | These cancers include acute lymphoblastic leukaemia acute myelogenous leukaemia chronic lymphocytic leukaemia hairy cell leukaemia non Hodgkin's lymphoma Hodgkin's disease melodysplastic syndrome multiple myeloma retinoblastoma Ewing sarcoma Wilms tumour neuroblastoma sarcoma rhabdomyosarcoma testis tumour and lung cancer. |
| 2000年出现386例乳腺癌病例 2001年出现379例乳腺癌病例 2002年出现374例乳腺癌病例 | In connection with this issue, the following numbers have been recorded (admissions and discharges) for malignant breast tumours |
| 研究的首要两项应用 是乳腺癌和前列腺癌 | So the first two applications are breast cancer and prostate cancer. |
| 不过 对50岁以下女性来说 表现更好 这一群体还未绝经 且乳腺组织密度较高 在这个群体中 数码乳房X光诊断可以找到两倍多的肿瘤 尽管仍只有60 | But it was better in one group, and that was women under 50 who were pre menopausal and had dense breasts, and in those women, digital mammography found twice as many cancers, but it still only found 60 percent. |
| 因此 尽管在这几年之内使用PARP抑制剂来治疗肿瘤也许是切实可行的 但是在遗传性乳腺癌预防性治疗手段的广泛使用之前 我们可能至少得等上十年 | Thus, while the use of PARP inhibitors to treat established tumors may be feasible within a few years, we could have to wait at least a decade before a prophylactic treatment for inherited breast cancer is widely available. |
| 因此 乳腺癌仍居第一位 比率为每100 000人中有22人 结构指数为13.6 宫颈癌比率为每100 000人中有5.5人 在恶性肿瘤引起的主要死亡原因中居第七位 | Thus, the breast cancer holds the first place with rate of 22 100.000 (structure index 13,6 ), and cervix cancer with rate 5,5 100.000 is in the seventh place of the leading causes of death due to malign neoplasm. |
| 因此 乳腺癌仍居第一位 比率为每100 000人中有22人 结构指数为13.6 宫颈癌比率为每100 000人中有5.5人 在恶性肿瘤引起的主要死亡原因中居第七位 | Thus, the breast cancer holds the first place with rate of 22 100.000 (structure index 13,6 ), and cervix cancer, with rate 5,5 100.000, is in the seventh place of the leading causes of death due to malign neoplasm. |
| 这些肿瘤最终长成大块的肿瘤 比如这样的 | These tumors inevitably grow into larger tumors, such as these ones here. |
| 现在我们能使肿瘤发光 就象这个肾肿瘤 你可以真实地看到肿瘤的边界 这个肾你想留下 或者肝脏肿瘤 这个肝脏你想留下 | We can light up tumors like this kidney tumor, so that you can exactly see where the boundary is between the kidney tumor and the kidney you want to leave behind, or the liver tumor and the liver you want to leave behind. |
| 我们把癌症叫做前列腺癌 乳腺癌 这显然太老套了 | It is absolutely archaic that we call cancer by prostate, by breast, by muscle. |
| 最终 这些肿瘤 不断繁殖 溃烂的肿瘤就像这样 | But inevitably, these tumors progress towards being enormous, ulcerating tumors like this one here. |
| 此外 小朋友的汗腺正在发育中 有些孩子的汗腺和皮肤腺还未达到平衡 出现有汗出不来问题 | Plus, the sweat gland of little kids is in the development, and the sweat gland and dermal gland of some children have not been balanced yet, leading to the inability to sweat. |
| 放射学家 根据乳腺组织的成像 将乳腺密度分为四类 | Radiologists classify breast density into four categories based on the appearance of the tissue on a mammogram. |
| 我们把肿瘤 现在我们有100多种肿瘤 放到芯片上 | So, we put tumors and now we have over 100 tumors on our array. |
| 90 的女性不了解自己的乳腺密度 95 的女性不了解 乳腺密度的增加也会增加罹患乳腺癌的风险 | Ninety percent of women don't, and 95 percent of women don't know that it increases your breast cancer risk. |
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