We then take the cells, the vascular cells, blood vessel cells, we perfuse the vascular tree with the patient's own cells.

We worked with a theme, which is, you've got macrophages that are streaming down a capillary, and they're touching the surface of the capillary wall, and they're picking up information from cells that are on the capillary wall, and they are given this information that there's an inflammation somewhere outside, where they can't see and sense.

(c) Sprut MBI determination of volumes of intra and extra cellular fluid, total circulating blood volume and the proportion of cellular and fluid blood components in the human body under conditions of weightlessness

You place the vascular blood vessel lining cells on the inside.

Memory B cells turn into plasma cells, which produce wave after wave of the specific antibodies that latch onto HIV to prevent it from infecting cells, while squadrons of killer T cells seek out and destroy cells that are already HIV infected.

A blood vessel is made up of two different cell types.

This is one One of the things that one does occasionally need to do is to separate blood cells from serum.

These cancers include acute lymphoblastic leukaemia acute myelogenous leukaemia chronic lymphocytic leukaemia hairy cell leukaemia non Hodgkin's lymphoma Hodgkin's disease melodysplastic syndrome multiple myeloma retinoblastoma Ewing sarcoma Wilms tumour neuroblastoma sarcoma rhabdomyosarcoma testis tumour and lung cancer.

So we actually perfuse first the blood vessel tree with the patient's own blood vessel cells, and we then infiltrate the parenchyma with the liver cells.

Tumor cells can travel through the blood vessels.

Adult stem cells are throughout our body, including the blood forming stem cells in our bone marrow, which we've been using as a form of stem cell therapy for over 40 years.

A similar approach of taking immune cells out of patients and teaching them how to target cancer cells has worked in treating a type of leukaemia.

And what I'm going to show you here is stem cells being removed from the hip of a patient.

The hope is that this gets more stem cells out, which translates to better outcomes.

And I focused my research on stem cells as a possible source for cell transplants.

So here's an image of red blood cells, and now we can actually map where the hemozoin and where the malaria parasites are inside those red blood cells.

And we then can re perfuse the liver with cells, preserving the blood vessel tree.

In a human being, down in here it could be make blood cells, start cancer.

Leukemia cells treated with this compound turn into normal white blood cells.

The second protocell has a different chemistry inside, and when activated, the protocells all come together and they fuse into one big one. Right?

And they concentrate on using cells.

It was a rare gem a brain tumor, hemangioblastoma the gift that keeps on giving.

And the first thing that makes me think is that blood vessels are like highways for the tumor cells.

In the lab, we micro pattern channels in the biomaterials on which we grow the cells, and this allows us to flow the cell culture media, the cells' food, through the scaffolds where we're growing the cells a lot like what you might expect from a capillary bed in the heart.

And we found, to our surprise, that we not only got bone marrow out, but we got 10 times the stem cell activity in the marrow from the Marrow Miner, compared to the normal device.

So, I added these protocells together to the system, and protocell A and protocell B fused together to form a hybrid protocell AB.

In fact, if you actually block angiogenesis and prevent blood vessels from ever reaching cancer cells, tumors simply can't grow up.

For this fish, it's actually whole cells with nuclei and membranes.

This is a normal cell. This is a cancer cell.

And the same vessels that are feeding tumors allow cancer cells to exit into the circulation as metastases.

The observation that stem cells, as master cells, could give rise to a whole variety of different cell types heart cells, liver cells, pancreatic islet cells captured the attention of the media and the imagination of the public.

There's a class of cells, a fairly small cell, an inhibitory cell, that quiets its neighbors.

Each cell in the body contains DNA, which is responsible for producing the proteins that are necessary for a cell s functioning. Though all cells in the body have the same DNA, only a subset of the genes encoded by the DNA is expressed in each cell type, thus accounting for the difference between, say, a skin cell, a liver cell, and a brain cell.

We're made of cells and stuff between cells.

In this case, at the end of the bypass operation, you're going to see the stem cells from the patient that were removed at the beginning of the procedure being injected directly into the heart of the patient.

In effect, the cancer cell was forgetting it was cancer and becoming a normal cell.

Because in ALL leukemia, that set of genes over there over expresses.

Fat derived stem cells are adult stem cells.

Cells?

And under the microscope, you can see hundreds of these brown staining blood vessels, capillaries that are feeding cancer cells, bringing oxygen and nutrients.

Nature feeds the heart cells in your body with a very, very dense blood supply.

Every red blood cell of your body right now has these hourglass shaped pores called aquaporins.

It is a fact that when our organs or tissues are injured, our bone marrow releases stem cells into our circulation.

So this is more challenging large organ, vascular, a lot of blood vessel supply, a lot of cells present.

And we got, again, about three to six times more stem cells than the standard approach done on the same patient.