(c) Countries with arid and semi arid areas, forested areas and areas liable to forest decay

He walks through the dark forest...

Out of the total area of Bosnia and Herzegovina (5,113,000 hectares), forests and forest land account for 53 per cent (2,700,770 hectares or 0.71 hectares of forest and forest land per capita).

And the dark forest shook

c) Countries with arid and semi arid areas, forested areas and areas liable to forest decay d) Countries with areas prone to natural disasters

(vi) Undertake measures to prevent, monitor and fight forest fires, and to reforest destroyed areas

16. The native communities live in clearly identifiable ecological zones tropical dry forest, subtropical rain forest and tropical rain forest scattered over large catchment areas.

For example, the integration of local and indigenous communities in sustainable forest management has strengthened the implementation of the IPF IFF proposals for action.

In the rural areas of developing countries, forests and the forest industries may enhance employment and income generation.

How can increased community control of forests be harnessed for successful forest landscape restoration?

(y) Enhance access by households, small scale forest owners, forest dependent local and indigenous communities, living in and outside forest areas, to forest resources and relevant markets in order to support livelihoods and income diversification from forest management, consistent with sustainable forest management.

A number of participants noted that regional processes have a crucial role in establishing mechanisms for forest related issues, institutional frameworks and international arrangements on forests, such as the Tehran Process for Low Forest Cover Countries.

With regard to community land and forest rights, forest management should be devolved to community control community land and forest ownership should be legalized criteria and indicators for certification should be strengthened and markets should be designed that recognize local rights.

The IPF concluded that restoration of arid, semi arid and dry sub humid zones should not focus narrowly on afforestation, but deal with broader aspects of forest ecosystem management, including social and economic issues, and urged Low Forest Cover Countries (LFCCs) to promote regeneration and restoration of degraded forest areas, including the involvement of indigenous peoples, local communities, forest dwellers and others.

19 30 21 00 CIS and Eastern Countries exchange (Juszczac, Blaser)

Forests disappearing, deserts where once there was forest.

Increase significantly the area of protected forests worldwide and other areas of sustainably managed forests, as well as the proportion of forest products from sustainably managed forests

Local and regional supply scarcities will continue to put pressure on some areas of natural forest but, on a broad scale, the world's forests have the capacity to meet this increase in demand.

Panellists discussed current trends gaps and challenges for sustainable forest management in the regions such as loss of forest cover, land degradation owing to high population density in forests, illegal logging and other corrupt activities inappropriate use of forest subsidies violent conflict in forested areas unsustainable management plans and inadequate forest certification efforts.

(l) Creating an enabling environment for the involvement of and investment by local communities and forest users in sustainable forest management

Despite the efforts of the international forestry community, total forest area continues to decline in most regions of the world.

In most regions, the Regional Forestry Commission meets every two years, reporting on issues of regional significance to the global forest community, through the FAO Conference and through the FAO Committee on Forestry.

Handmade by dwarfs in the Black Forest.

The fields and the forests, the green hills.

(f) Fostering access where appropriate by households and communities to forest resources and markets

How can community investments in forest landscape restoration be better recognized?

A joint approach on forests will be developed, in cooperation with the Tehran Process, among others, in order to strengthen the capacity of low forest cover countries to combat desertification, land degradation and deforestation.

The deforestation rate in the 1990s was estimated at 14.6 million hectares per year since 5.2 million hectares were gained through afforestation and natural expansion of forests, the rate of net deforestation was 9.4 million hectares per year (see table).3 Most of the losses occur in the tropics, while in the non tropical regions forests are expanding either naturally (for example on large areas of abandoned agricultural land) or as a result of afforestation programmes.

Protection of moral and material interests 665 671 137

(b) Maintain global forest resources and forest quality for the long term economic, social and environmental well being of all, and in particular those that depend directly on forests, including local and indigenous communities

Promote genuine community based forest management that empowers forest peoples.

International cooperation in the area of culture and research 672 139

The alarming rate of deforestation continues to warrant international attention and there is a need to renew the pledge to combat deforestation, restoring the forest functions in degraded landscapes and improve the livelihoods of poor people living in and around forests worldwide.

(n) Supporting the diversification of sources of income of people living in and around forest areas

That time the Ituri Forest was created as a forest reserve with some animals and also plants.

In addition, there should be emphasis on another key area of concern for the sector, besides deforestation and forest degradation, namely, the lack of recognition of indigenous peoples and communities that live in and depend on forests.

Also invites members of the Collaborative Partnership on Forests to continue to strengthen the Tehran process in developing and implementing strategies on conservation and rehabilitation of forests in low forest cover countries

These are lands that are at the margins of forests, semi arid regions, mountains, wetlands and land corridors.

Parties in this region proposed 50 per cent of all forest sector projects.

Reverse the loss of forest cover worldwide through sustainable forest management, including protection, restoration, afforestation and reforestation, and increase efforts to prevent forest degradation

The underlying causes of deforestation include the demand on forest land for agriculture, grazing and human settlements the growing demand for timber and forest products and a range of biotic and abiotic factors that adversely affect forest health and vitality.

Forest and Grassland Conversion

International Food Policy and Research Institute, Washington, D.C., 2002.

Agreed ad ref Increase significantly the area of protected forests worldwide and the area of sustainably managed forests and increase the proportion of forest products from sustainably managed forests

(iv) Protect basic elements of forest ecosystems at risk from forest fires and different processes of soil degradation, particular in semi arid regions