Erica Frenkel The universal anesthesia machine

Until anesthesia, the absence of sensation.

Anesthesia gave surgeons the freedom to operate.

In this hospital, there is one person qualified to deliver anesthesia, and she's qualified because she has 12, maybe 18 months of training in anesthesia.

This was done under local anesthesia, as an outpatient.

The second time was a procedure that involved local anesthesia.

In the background there is a very sophisticated anesthesia machine.

35 million surgeries are attempted every year without safe anesthesia.

It's just a reality of anesthesia. The lungs can be paralyzed.

They have a really cool anesthesia simulation lab out in Baltimore.

And so I came up with a Life Box, because I needed a delivery system.

So I've talked a lot about anesthesia, and I tend to do that.

Australia has a mixed system of public and private health care financing and health care delivery.

It's practiced, it's no anesthesia, it's a rusty old knife, and it was difficult.

Anesthesia gave them the freedom to experiment, to start to delve deeper into the body.

I got him to come with me anesthesia tech come with me from the U.K.

What if you're in surgery and the power goes out? No lights, no oxygen and your anesthesia stops flowing. It happens constantly in hospitals throughout the world, turning routine procedures into tragedies. Erica Frenkel demos one solution the universal anesthesia machine.

And actually, it's the model that we expect to work for delivering anesthesia in these environments.

Well we have a whole O.R. team, general anesthesia, nurses, and another doctor across from me.

Its delivery figures, combined with those of the rest of the United Nations system, reached the 10.3 billion mark.

I'm a senior resident in anesthesia in intensive care at the University Hospital of the West Indies.

I want to reinvent the delivery system, and the use of cardboard around the world, so they become ecological footprints.

A formal performance management system involving regular evaluation of programme impact should be put in place to improve output delivery.

And we could take a very simple view and say, well, it is that which we lose when we fall into deep sleep without dreams, or when we go under anesthesia, and it is what we regain when we recover from sleep or from anesthesia.

It takes about an hour and a half to two hours, depending on where it's done, under general anesthesia.

But what is exactly that stuff that we lose under anesthesia, or when we are in deep, dreamless sleep?

And, so, very quickly, Bob can just get one puncture, local anesthesia, and do this harvest as an outpatient.

I came to the Heart Institute in 2006, as part of my elective in my anesthesia and intensive care program.

It had a revolutionary prosthetic fitment and delivery system, a quick molding and modular components, enabling custom made, on the spot limb fitments.

As part of the system of internal oversight, the Evaluation Group served as an important and effective tool for improving systems and service delivery.

The organizations and agencies of the United Nations system constitute an important pillar in the advocacy for and delivery of international support to Africa.

Essentially, to deliver anesthesia, you want as pure oxygen as possible, because eventually you're going to dilute it essentially with the gas.

Third, staff can focus on delivery, and not be diverted by the kind of major operating system rollout and organizational restructuring that took place in 2004.

And the result is great comedy that's also an information delivery system that scores markedly higher in both credibility and retention than the professional news media.

(b) The United Nations system should support the efforts of Governments to improve the management and delivery of aid and the formulation and implementation of projects.

The test, as always, is delivery, delivery, delivery' ensuring that the funds made available are spent with wisdom, responsibility, accountability and effectiveness.

Delivery mechanisms

We had the pause points immediately before anesthesia is given, immediately before the knife hits the skin, immediately before the patient leaves the room.

The Youth Act will ultimately serve to protect and defend the rights and interests of the younger generation as it promotes and incorporates an effective delivery system.

In addition, the United Nations system should support the efforts of Governments to improve the management and delivery of aid and the formulation and implementation of projects.

Because we were in the age before anesthesia, the agony of the patient is really as much of the public spectacle as the surgery itself.

Decentralizing service delivery

Means of delivery

(a) Controlled delivery?

Questionnaire on Delivery'