Safeguard measures are an important political tool that can make the difference for Governments in terms of appeasing the potential losers of liberalization and reform, while disciplining Governments to restructure within a particular window of time.

If this assessment is accurate, the obvious next question is how much further Abe and Xi can move toward détente, thereby appeasing their business sectors, without losing the backing of nationalists, who tend to view the bilateral relationship as a zero sum game.

Stylized historical analogies often play a similar role. For example, international relations scholars use the famous meeting between Neville Chamberlain and Adolf Hitler in Munich in 1938 as a model of how appeasing a power bent on expansionism can be futile (or dangerous).

Right wing politicians from the American South, together with Austrian, German, French, and Dutch populists, are accusing liberals of appeasing Islamofascism. These political heirs of deeply racist traditions are the new champions of a Jewish state, whose policies now owe more to nineteenth century ethnic chauvinism than to Zionism s socialist roots.

Congress remains a big tent party, committed to preserving India s pluralism and conscious of the multiple identities and interests of India s many peoples. The BJP, which accuses Congress of appeasing India s minorities, hews to a staunchly Hindu chauvinist line, and has received support from some of the most bigoted and intolerant sections of Indian society.

These strains express themselves on policy issues. Uribe criticizes Santos through up to 40 tweets per day to his more than one million followers for repudiating his democratic security stance, for the growth of the Bacrim (petty crime gangs), for appeasing Colombia s two hostile neighbors, Venezuela and Ecuador, and for prosecuting some of his aides on corruption charges.

If we were less haunted by memories of appeasing the Nazi regime, and of the ensuing genocide, people might not be as concerned about human rights as they are. And by no means do all those who work to protect the rights of others invoke the horrors of the Third Reich to justify Anglo American armed intervention.

In order to ride out the hung Diet, Kan will have to reconstruct party unity by replacing at least the incumbent anti Ozawa party chief or Chief Cabinet Secretary, and, possibly, by appointing a pro Ozawa Justice Minister i.e., someone who can block Ozawa s prosecution in the financing scandal. Appeasing Ozawa, however, is contrary to public sentiment and detrimental to the DPJ s hopes of regaining popular support.

The British government tried to wriggle out of taking sides on the implications of the French and Dutch votes by saying that it would suspend its own plans for a referendum, but not cancel it outright. But if the government thought that this mid way position would finesse its European predicament by appeasing the large anti European majority in the UK without gratuitously offending the EU s other members, it was quickly disabused.