It could be anti bacterial.

But it's not bacterial pneumonia.

This is the bacterial Esperanto.

This is now supposed to be my bacterial cell.

So, 10 times more bacterial cells than human cells on a human being.

United Nations inspectors found no evidence that Iraq produced dry bacterial warfare agents.

And along comes pneumococcus or another bacteria, streptococcus and boom, they get a bacterial pneumonia.

So our team developed new techniques for actually growing, cloning entire bacterial chromosomes in yeast.

From the dust, we pulled out bacterial cells, broke them open, and compared their gene sequences.

So, we pushed the piles down through the dune, and we create an initial bacterial surface.

They either pop the bacterial membrane, they make the bacterium so it can't replicate its DNA.

Carole Lartigue led the effort to actually transplant a bacterial chromosome from one bacteria to another.

Remember you have these 10 times or more bacterial cells in you or on you, keeping you healthy.

And so far in the H5N1 cases in people, similarly bacterial infection has not been an issue at all.

Decades later, it turned out that the source of their blindness was most likely some sort of bacterial infection.

But now moving from bacterial engineering to tissue engineering, let me show you what's happened in that period of time.

An example of an organism or two that happens to be quite immortal would be plant seeds or bacterial spores.

What you're looking at is a signature of bacterial communities in the outdoor air, and how they vary over time.

I know you think of yourself as human beings, but I think of you as 90 or 99 percent bacterial.

It's an amazing step forward, but we had a problem because now we had the bacterial chromosomes growing in yeast.

As was subsequently explained by Iraq, it produced liquid bacterial biological warfare agents accepting a moderate risk of airborne contamination.

We're here today to announce the first synthetic cell, a cell made by starting with the digital code in the computer, building the chromosome from four bottles of chemicals, assembling that chromosome in yeast, transplanting it into a recipient bacterial cell and transforming that cell into a new bacterial species.

Our researchers are interacting with this data by injecting bacterial code, which are computer programs, that allow these creatures to grow over time.

Well it turns out you have 100 times more bacterial genes playing a role in you or on you all of your life.

Bacterial cellulose is actually already being used for wound healing, and possibly in the future for biocompatible blood vessels, possibly even replacement bone tissue.

You don't have to heat them up as hot as you would something you do pressure canning because bacterial spores can't grow in the acid.

It turns out, the DNA in the bacterial cell was actually methylated, and the methylation protects it from the restriction enzyme, from digesting the DNA.

Bacterial spores are thought now by scientists to exist as individual cells that are alive, but in suspended animation for as long as 250 million years.

Here, this cloaked, secret agent virus is slipping his DNA into the bacterial cell, but here's the kicker It doesn't do anything harmful not at first.

As was subsequently learned, Iraq produced bacterial biological warfare agents at Al Hakam with a moderate risk of airborne contamination due to the generation of aerosols.

You'll see broad bacterial groups, and if you look at the shape of this pink lobe, it tells you something about the relative abundance of each group.

The whole animal world today lives on a stockpile of bacterial oxygen that is cycled constantly through plants and algae, and their waste is our breath, and vice versa.

The guts of the mice were DNA sequenced and it was found six bacterial species present in the mice with the immune cells but absent from the mice without them.

And, after an initial cost of 60 bucks to buy the bacteria, which you'll never have to pay again, one cubic meter of bacterial sand would be about 11 dollars.

When you walked into those rooms, they smelled really bad, and our data suggests that it had something to do with leaving behind the airborne bacterial soup from people the day before.

Professor Colonna said 'We established a link between one bacterial species Lactobacillus reuteri that is a normal part of the gut microbiome, and the development of a population of cells that promote tolerance.

However, they were based on elevated expectations on the part of the inspectors regarding the degree of efficiency of Iraq's biological warfare programme, assuming possible production of viral agents and dried bacterial agents.

So in addition to doing the transplant, we had to find out how to get a bacterial chromosome out of the eukaryotic yeast into a form where we could transplant it into a recipient cell.

At the end of 1987, the scope of the biological weapons work was further expanded and research into additional bacterial agents, such as Clostridium perfringens and fungal toxins, such as trichothecene mycotoxins, was carried out.

And what we found so this is now supposed to be, again, my bacterial cell is that Vibrio fischeri has a protein that's the red box it's an enzyme that makes that little hormone molecule, the red triangle.

We decided early on that we had to take a synthetic route, even though nobody had been there before, to see if we could synthesize a bacterial chromosome so we could actually vary the gene content to understand the essential genes for life.

And if we started looking into that genetic information, we'd see a number of usual suspects out there of course, a lot of human genetic information, but also bacterial and viral information, mostly from things that are completely harmless within your nose.

We do know that some bacterial species that have earthly origin are capable of almost unimaginable extremes of temperature and other harsh changes in environment, including hard radiation strong enough and maintained long enough to crack the Pyrex vessels around the growing population of bacteria.

There is about a trillion human cells that make each one of us who we are and able to do all the things that we do, but you have 10 trillion bacterial cells in you or on you at any moment in your life.

The bacterial genes express proteins that are toxic to corn boring insects, but that are harmless to birds, fish, and mammals, including humans. As the modified corn fends off insect pests, it also reduces the levels of the mold Fusarium, thereby reducing the levels of fumonisin.