On 18 February 1988, the Expropriation Commission issued an expropriation order and defined the amount to be paid.

A prime example here would be the question of expropriation, which as a matter of treaty provision was usually not defined insofar as indirect expropriation was concerned.

Subject matter Equal treatment in relation to compensation for expropriation of property

The Act on the Expropriation of Immovable Property and Special Rights (603 1977) provides that a property owner is entitled to full compensation for the financial losses caused by the expropriation (section 29 of the Act).

5.6 In respect to the authors' claim under article 26 of the Covenant, the State party notes that the expropriation of the land had been determined on the basis of statistics available on the prices paid for comparable pieces of land at the time of the expropriation.

Widespread reports of forced labour, rape and other sexual violence, extortion and expropriation by Government forces continue to be received.

Substantive issues Disclosure of names of judges participating in court decision equal treatment in relation to compensation for expropriation of property

2.1 On 26 March 1987, the Council of State authorized the expropriation of part of the authors' lands (covering 65.97 hectares).

5.2 As to the merits of the communication, the State party refers to the legal provisions regulating expropriation of immovable property and its compensation.

Reported abuses by the Kurds included unlawful expropriation of land and property, extralegal executions, violations of civil and political rights and repression of the media.

28 Bilateral investment treaties which include bonds in the definition of investment can lead to claims against debtors for expropriation in the context of debt restructuring.

However, there is some controversy over whether the expropriation provisions of NAFTA (Article 1110) have a negative effect on the ability of a country to regulate in the public interest.

The Committee recommends that the State party provide detailed information on the expropriation of the land of certain ethnic groups, on compensation granted and on their situation following their displacement.

The Committee notes with concern the lack of information from the State party regarding the expropriation of the ancestral territories of certain ethnic groups, and their forced displacement and resettlement (art.

The expansion of colonial settlements in East Jerusalem and the concomitant expropriation and expulsion of its Palestinian inhabitants were part of a plan to make all of Jerusalem a Jewish city.

5.3 States shall prohibit forced eviction, demolition of houses and destruction of agricultural areas and the arbitrary confiscation or expropriation of land as a punitive measure or as a means or method of war.

Concerns in the EU over energy security, fueled by increasing dependence on Russia, have never been greater. Together with the Russian authorities expropriation of oil company Yukos, foreigners have been squeezed out of Russia s energy extraction sector.

But any reversal of those privatizations such as the effective expropriation of Mikhail Khodorkovsky and his Menatep partners in Yukos signifies not the dawn of social justice but rather a new group of bosses expropriating the expropriators, as Lenin used to say.

Fears abound among Palestinians of another spasm of violence if no agreement is reached before Annapolis and this round of talks fails. But what is crucially important for Palestinians is that, whatever the outcome, new settlements must not be built and land expropriation must end.

With regard to substantive issues, discussants indicated that provisions related to, for example, scope and definition, national treatment, most favoured nation treatment, fair and equitable treatment, and expropriation might appear to be straightforward in their formulation, but that difficulties and problems would arise from their application.

Even with the modest recovery in commodity prices over the past six months, Russia s energy sector has experienced declining production in recent years, due in part to fears among foreign investors of expropriation. Russia s sovereign wealth fund, integral in propping up an increasingly re centralized economy, is being depleted fast.

In accordance with General Assembly resolution 58 186, the Special Rapporteur on the right to food had once more drawn the Committee's attention to the continuing destruction and expropriation of Palestinian land and crops in the occupied Palestinian territories caused by the military operations and the construction of the separation wall.

The court accepted that the government may require factually accurate health warnings, but the majority, in a split decision, said that it could not go as far as requiring images. In Australia, the issue was whether the law implied uncompensated expropriation in this case, of the tobacco companies intellectual property in their brands.

BUENOS AIRES nbsp The expropriation of nearly all of the Spanish company Repsol s stake in Argentina s energy producer YPF, announced in a vehement speech by President Cristina Fernández de Kirchner, has raised legal alarms worldwide. In fact, the move will not resolve the country s energy problems in the absence of enormous inflows of investment to the sector.

BUENOS AIRES The expropriation of nearly all of the Spanish company Repsol s stake in Argentina s energy producer YPF, announced in a vehement speech by President Cristina Fernández de Kirchner, has raised legal alarms worldwide. In fact, the move will not resolve the country s energy problems in the absence of enormous inflows of investment to the sector.

Indeed, the EU s critical French German axis was held together by the conviction that political order in a democracy depended on the security of debt. In Germany, the expropriation of two generations of middle class bond holders was seen as the outcome of the Kaiser s war, and then of Hitler s war in other words, a result of democratic failure.

Moreover, if constitutional guarantees are not enough to convince investors of South Africa s commitment to protecting property rights, foreigners can always avail themselves of expropriation insurance provided by the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (a division of the World Bank) or numerous national organizations providing such insurance. (Americans, for example, can buy insurance from the Overseas Private Investment Corporation.)

Investors willingness to make capital available over the longer term for infrastructure development, job creation, and economic growth depends on their perceptions of various kinds of risk. Policymakers can manage these perceptions by improving public sector governance, ensuring sound macroeconomic management, promoting a transparent and supportive legal framework for private sector activity, building debt management capacity, and protecting investors from expropriation.

LONDON No sooner had I finished reading an article that eulogized Václav Havel, the playwright turned dissident turned peaceful revolutionary turned president who had just died, than two subsequent news stories set Havel s extraordinary career in context the death of Kim Jong il, North Korea s pornography addicted and nuclear armed supreme leader, and the peaceful protests against land expropriation by the villagers of Wukan in Guandong province, southern China.