Prospects for the world steel market and opportunities for new entrants, in particular for developing countries

(f) Effect of higher than expected number of new entrants

Expected to become payable on behalf of active and inactive participants, including future new entrants

This could well be a worthwhile investment, as it may also lead to higher and more stable prices for the new entrants.

The liabilities shown in the table above included those for individuals who have yet to join the Fund similarly, the assets included the contributions for future new entrants.

The size of the retail market in Ecuador might not make it attractive for new entrants, as no leading international retailers are active in the country.

New entrants should have guaranteed interconnection with other operators, particularly with the incumbent one, quickly and at a reasonable cost.

As indicated in section VII above, the question of appropriate probationary arrangements for new entrants into the Professional category would also have to be taken into consideration.

Dependence on the large players in international commodity markets can hence be replaced by groups of new entrants from developing countries.

The best solution is private capital from retained earnings, new entrants, new ownership, and new investment. But in some cases, additional public capital probably cannot be avoided, as distasteful as it is.

Although professional associations are crucial in maintaining standards and quality of service, they have often attempted to dampen price competition and restrict new entrants.

Owing to demographic pressure and women entering the labour force, the region has one of the highest rates of new entrants into the labour market.

From an early stage measures aimed at sequencing new entrants and coordinating production capacity were employed to achieve scale economies and to deter excessive competition.

The knowledge economy was leading to a phasing out of traditional comfort zones and created many additional opportunities for new entrants, including those from developing countries, in the electronics industry value chain.

Private sector activity not only absorbed losses occurring in the public sector (largely the result of federal government downsizing) but created new positions to absorb some of the new entrants to the labour force.

Under this proposal, the number of companies benefiting from the scheme would be capped at current levels and no new entrants would be allowed from July 2006.

At one in 10, external recruitment of visible minorities among new entrants to the public service is also well below the Embracing Change benchmark of one in five.

The only escape from this trap is investment in education, which would pay enormous social dividends. Consider, for example, that Roma represent more than 20 of new entrants into the labor force in the above mentioned countries.

ESCWA region has the highest ratio in the world of new entrants into the labour force per year, with young people constituting an ever greater percentage of those seeking employment.

In such circumstances, competition policy and laws need to create the conditions under which prospective new entrants can improve their competitiveness, so as to overcome the cumulative disadvantages of late entry.

Humanitarian entrants are also eligible to receive specialized settlement support upon arrival through the Integrated Humanitarian Settlement Strategy, under which case workers assist humanitarian entrants to contact appropriate support services, including those relating to domestic violence.

But it would be premature to conclude that traditional banking has yielded to new financial platforms. Many of the new entrants have benefited from advantages that would be difficult to maintain were they to scale up in size and importance.

The gender balance in the Department had changed radically in recent years, as illustrated by the fact that almost 60 per cent of new entrants, at the Third Secretary level, were women.

12. Several delegations commented on the particular difficulties of new market entrants in positioning themselves in commodity chains and international distribution channels, as these were often controlled by large transnational international enterprises.

For example, in Australia, the non return rate of temporary entrants, including persons from developing countries, fell to 2.2 per cent in 2001.

The first challenge is to generate enough jobs to accommodate the inflow of new entrants into the labor market. Clearly, a wide range of advanced and developing countries is failing to do so.

After 1960, most of the entrants to the universities were from schools in the rural areas.

Similarly prominent women rights activists and NGOs are invited to sensitise new entrants to the civil service at the Civil Services Academy on CEDAW, women's rights, women's issues and how these can be addressed.

This dynamic liberal order largely fair, flexible, and open enough to welcome new entrants as they rise will continue to serve Asia well. For example, even China has been a major beneficiary of the public goods provided by the US led hierarchical system.

However, a number of factors are very likely to fuel a continuous strong demand for cocaine and other drugs, including patterns of multiple drug abuse, a net increase in the number of new entrants into drugs, and the ability of traffickers and retailers to adjust to new circumstances and remain price competitive.

Such entrants in recent years have largely come from Africa, the former Yugoslavia and the Middle East.

At the same time, it is important to give new entrants and smaller players reassurance that they too can enter and function profitably in markets that were previously difficult to enter because of anti competitive practices.

Roma are Europe s youngest and fastest growing population with an average age of 25, in contrast to the European average of 40. According to recent World Bank research, Roma comprise approximately 23 of new entrants into Bulgaria s labor market.

In fact, new low cost entrants may reap higher profits if they enter into cooperation agreements with higher cost producers who would like to diversify out of the particular product and assist them financially and technically in this respect.

Keeping markets open to new entrants with novel ideas is an important condition for technological progress. See J. Bound et al., Who does research and development and who patents? , in Zvi Grilisches (ed.), Research and development, patents and productivity, National Bureau of Economic Research Conference Report, Chicago, 1984.

Indeed, rather than using existing approaches and processes to compete, these entrants created radical new game plans, rewriting the target industry s rules. Their creativity and passion enabled them to subdue and in some cases even destroy less adaptable giants remarkably quickly.

Slower economic growth will cause a shortfall of jobs for new entrants to the workforce, thereby increasing the incidence of poverty. Indeed, the number of people living in absolute poverty is likely to increase by 10 million, bringing the total to more than 70 million, or 40 of the population.

In the area of prevention and reduction of drug abuse, the expected result is to have all countries acknowledging demand reduction as a key component of national plans to address the drug problem, and to have built greater social awareness and mobilization against drugs as a deterrent for potential new entrants.

But now younger entrants are rising everywhere, bringing with them energy and new ideas. In politics, as the country prepares for next year s general election, the leading contenders to replace 81 year old Prime Minister Manmohan Singh are the Bharatiya Janata Party s Narendra Modi, 62, and Rahul Gandhi, who is just 43.

Though new entrants could undoubtedly disrupt incumbents production platforms Elon Musk s Tesla Motors is a clear example they are rare. These days, the more pervasive competitive threat comes from companies in other domains that can erode the customer value proposition after the car is sold.

By steering clear of services that might draw the scrutiny of financial authorities, digital startups face a natural limit to the size of their market. Indeed, this arrangement albeit informal can be viewed as the way regulators manage the systemic risk posed by new entrants.

had introduced a mandatory module on migration in the secondary level curriculum in order to equip entrants into the labour force with information for decisions with respect to work and work site preferences.

For the last five years, Pakistan s annual GDP growth has averaged just 3 half the rate needed to absorb two million new labor force entrants every year. If growth does not pick up, the ranks of the unemployed and underemployed will swell, increasing the size of the pool from which extremist groups find fresh recruits.

After all, maximizing profits is what CEOs are supposed to do. And the government has ways to help It can force suppliers to sell their inputs more cheaply, repress workers wage demands, protect the final market from competition by imports or new entrants, or lower their taxes.

2. The demographic and decremental actuarial assumptions used were those adopted by the Standing Committee of the United Nations Joint Staff Pension Board at its 180th meeting, in 1997, except that future new entrants were not taken into account and no future salary growth was assumed.