Galvani showed that a frog's legs twitched when he connected the lumbar nerve to a source of electrical current.

And I put 100 million cells in his cisterna magna, in his lumbar cord, and filled out the IRBs and did all this work, and I never really knew.

As a result of the incident and according to the subsequent medical examinations, the official was found to have suffered bruising on the kneecap and the inmate to have sustained injuries diagnosed as light, consisting of haematomas, scratches on the nose, and erythema in the left lumbar region.

Scientists are therefore still searching for an accurate predictive test that is cheaper, quicker, and less invasive than PET scans or lumbar punctures. This year, two small studies of blood tests seemed to predict Alzheimer s 1 3 years before it occurred, but the tests are complicated and require the measurement of ten or more substances.

Sampling cerebrospinal fluid via a lumbar puncture (or spinal tap ) can predict which people with mild cognitive impairment will progress to dementia with over 80 accuracy, but this still means a misdiagnosis for one in five patients. PET scans are slightly less accurate, while routine MRI brain scans can reveal with perhaps only 70 accuracy subtle abnormalities in people with mild cognitive impairment.