Usually, regulations provide flexibility to procuring entities with respect to the closure of the auction.

UNPD, in addition to procuring for Headquarters entities, also supplies peacekeeping missions around the world.

In New Zealand, for example, heads of procuring entities are free to manage their departments' procurement operations.

However, procuring entities may find this information unnecessary, and it may become a costly burden for suppliers.

20 28), it was suggested that the Guide should draw a distinction between information intended to bind procuring entities vis à vis suppliers or contractors, and other information that by its nature was intended for the internal use of procuring entities only.

It prescribes different procedures, offers procuring entities alternative techniques and sets recommended and mandatory contract clauses and attached forms.

Consequently, the Working Group concluded that it would not be appropriate to require procuring entities to provide all software without charge, but that the Guide should provide that procuring entities should not use a charging facility to levy disproportionate charges or to restrict access to the procurement.

Fifthly, interoperability procuring entities should ensure that the systems used are fully compatible with those of potential suppliers or contractors.

Under those rules, substantial discretion as regards the conduct of procurement process is often given to the heads of procuring entities.

Depending on which evaluation criteria are assessed and when, three models for conducting ERAs are used in practice by procuring entities

When reviewing tenders, procuring entities, it was said, should be allowed to seek justification of prices if they suspected abnormally low tenders.

(i) To regulate the factors that procuring entities may take into account when assessing the responses of suppliers to price justification requests

The use of some manuals or handbooks by all procuring entities could be mandatory, most however are issued only for reference and guidance.

In some systems, an online tool has been developed that assists procuring entities to assess the suitability of ERA for an individual procurement.

In the practice of many countries, procuring entities retain broad flexibility to suspend reverse auction procedures and fix the time frame of suspension.

At the stage of introduction or trial of ERAs, some countries limit the list of procuring entities that can use ERAs in public procurement.

Objectivity in the process could also be improved if procuring entities were to compare prices received with pre tender estimates based on market prices.

In particular, it was agreed to allow procuring entities to investigate possible ALTs through a price justification procedure (A CN.9 575, para. 76).

The conduct of procurement in some countries may also be regulated by internal memoranda, circulars, letters of information from ministers and instructions issued within ministries or procuring entities.

It has been observed that absence of regulation, or of adequate regulation in some countries where ERAs have been introduced, has deterred some of the procuring entities from using ERAs.

1955, new sentence for procuring.

At its seventh session, the Working Group decided that the Model Law should be amended so as to allow procuring entities to investigate possible abnormally low tenders through a price justification procedure.

In addition, generic and topic specific procurement handbooks and manuals are often prepared by central or local authorities, but could also be issued by procuring entities or agencies responsible for maintaining government procurement websites.

Air safety considerations in procuring air services

(ii) Procuring, providing or possessing such a document

Table 2 is complemented by other data on the scope of the organizations' procurement portfolio, outsourced in 2002 to other procuring entities within the United Nations system in the pursuit of coordination and division of labour.

The Working Group noted that, under some procurement regimes, the publication of such information enabled procuring entities to shorten the minimum time limit for the receipt of tenders (A CN.9 WG.I WP.39 Add.1, para.

The Model Law, for example, requires a procuring entity to include in the record of procurement proceedings a statement of the grounds and circumstances on which it relied to justify the use of non tendering methods (article 18 (4)) and any decision taken by a procuring entities in connection with suspension of procurement proceedings and grounds and circumstances therefore (article 56 (5)).

(3) The procuring entity shall not accept a tender

(f) The means used to send and receive electronic communications should be secure, that is, they ensure that tenders and other significant documents cannot be accessed by the procuring entity or other persons prior to any deadline, to prevent procuring entities' passing information on other tenders to favoured suppliers and to prevent competitors from gaining access to that information themselves (security) (A CN.9 568, para.

In this regard, the revised paragraphs (1) bis, (1) ter and (3) have been included so as to strengthen the safeguards contained in the article against discriminatory or otherwise exclusionary practices by the procuring entities (A CN.9 575, para. 33).

30), it was noted that the aim of subparagraph (a) was to ensure, inter alia, that procuring entities duly consider cost implications in the choice of means of communication, and therefore the phrase generally available should be changed to reasonably available .

The procuring entity may, however, require that tenders include such features.

2. United Nations entities and associate entities

Article 18 sets out the procurement methods available to procuring entities, and the Working Group may wish to consider whether reference to the article authorizing the use of electronic reverse auction should be made in paragraph (2) of that article, as follows

The legislation plays a significant role by providing guidance to the procuring entities in the host country as to essential elements to be taken into account in all selection processes concerning privately financed infrastructure projects. 3. Preparations for the implementation of the project

4 crimes of procuring and enabling sexual acts committed by 38 perpetrators

In some systems, the identity is not disclosed to the procuring entity.

In some countries, that authority is vested in the procuring entity itself.

My compliments on procuring that fine hardwood... from the navy sawmen ashore.

Entities

Sources of data collection (independent entities, government entities, NGOs)

In Austria (Purchase Contract Awards Act 2002, para. 116.2 4), it is required by law that the procuring entities grant unrestricted access free of charge to any and all documentation concerning the auction, including the solicitation documents, as of the day of the notice.

procuring 358 out of 437 cases have been tried with 483 accused persons.

Assistance, including financial assistance, may amount to aiding, abetting, procuring, counselling or inciting.