Debt for equity swaps Other debt for development swaps

Credit Default Swaps on Trial

Further opportunities for boosting access were provided by engagement with SWAps.

Debt swaps, including those for environmental purposes, were also mentioned as a potentially useful tool.

It was also noted that Finland has undertaken debt for nature swaps in the region.

New and innovative funding mechanisms are also required, such as debt swaps and increased opportunities for microfinance.

Delegations commended increasing UNFPA engagement in policy work, including participation in PRSPs and sector wide approaches (SWAps).

They may provide valuable evidence for policy dialogue and scaling up, including for use in PRSs and SWAps.

Multilaterally coordinated debt swaps for development projects were another possible form of debt relief for the countries concerned.

UNICEF also engaged with national SWAps in all 30 countries that are using this instrument in the social sectors.

(b) To encourage, both within the Ibero American community and in third countries, debt for education swaps and other social investments

Options for lower debt burdens on Governments of heavily indebted developing countries include debt cancellation and debt swaps for sustainable development.

In this regard, delegates asked for more information on the UNICEF role within SWAps and the EFA Fast Track Initiative (FTI).

UNFPA also suggested that new partnerships and funding arrangements such as sector wide approaches (SWAps) raised issues of attribution and accountability.

In this regard, delegates asked for more information on the UNICEF role within SWAps and the EFA Fast Track Initiative (FTI).

UNICEF will continue to work within a variety of national partnership frameworks, including sector coordination forums, SWAps and joint programmes under UNDAF.

Concerning PRSPs and SWAps, the Executive Director noted that the Fund's small staff limited its capacity to participate in all the meetings.

UNCTAD should continue its work in the area of debt, including the study of the application of debt for equity swaps for development.

Debt relief, debt swaps or debt cancellation could offer important means for mobilizing resources for accelerating progress towards the water and sanitation goals.

Several delegates strongly endorsed the national context for the focus areas, including such instruments as sector wide approaches (SWAps), PRSs and national budgets.

He gets to his restaurant, he puts her on the table then swaps a few lies with his pals without danger of interruption.

Delegations said that the leadership role played by UNICEF helped to ensure that child protection issues were reflected in CCAs, UNDAFs, PRSs, and SWAps.

The UNGEI will intensify efforts to influence decision making and budgets in favour of gender equity and equality in national education policies, SWAps and programmes.

Governments may be able to mobilize funding through debt swaps, where donors exchange debt for local currency investment in environmental protection, such as waste water treatment.

Overnight index swaps show that the market forecasts for probability of risings of interest rate of the Bank of Canada in October rise from 76.46 to 78.27 .

Similarly, in the context of debt swaps for social and environmental development actions, the developed countries should not give up on the target of 0.7 per cent.

His Government reiterated its call for a development orientated approach that went beyond the Naples terms and included, inter alia, debt cancellation and debt for development swaps.

Innovative financial mechanisms such as the International Finance Facility, carbon off setting, emissions trading, international taxation and the potential of debt for nature swaps should be further explored.

It was suggested that the list should include, in addition to receivables arising from deposit accounts, receivables arising from investment securities, repurchase agreements, wire transfers, swaps and cheque collection systems.

(b) Ensuring the enhanced and systematic involvement of UNICEF in both PRSs and SWAps, in conjunction with national counterparts, the World Bank and United Nations partners, to influence strategic investment decisions

In 1997, Argentina, Brazil, Ecuador, Panama and Venezuela retired 10.4 billion of collateralized Brady bonds through swaps against uncollateralized long term bonds, effected at a discount based on secondary market prices.

And banks remain non transparent, and thus at risk. We still don t know the full extent of linkages among financial institutions, including those arising from non transparent derivatives and credit default swaps.

SWAps are being used by countries to fill major gaps in national policies for early childhood or to deal with new challenges, such as the impact on young children of HIV AIDS.

The situation is aggravated by the market in credit default swaps, which is biased in favor of those who speculate on failure. Being long CDS, the risk automatically declines if they are wrong.

Girls' education has faced multiple challenges arising from emergencies, the prevalence of HIV AIDS, deepening poverty and persistent disparities, while opportunities have been created by partnership initiatives, sectoral reforms and sector wide approaches (SWAps).

Debt for nature conversion programmes have also been declining over time, but other debt for development swaps increased in 1997, with focus likely to be shifted in the future to claims held by official creditors.

Health investments need to be guided by clear and effective strategies linked to outcomes, closely aligned with broader national development processes, such as in PRSPs and SWAPs PBAs, and be consistent with medium term expenditure frameworks.

Innovative financial mechanisms, including international environmental fundsEnvironmental funds can pool various types of financial resources (earmarked taxes and charges, grants or concessional loans, debt for nature swaps, etc.) to provide long term funding for environmental programmes.

However, questions were asked about partners' contributions to planned targets quality education national ownership institutional development of educational systems in the context of SWAps excluded children, minorities, and children with disabilities and the United Nations Girls' Education Initiative.

In addition, stronger regional cooperation, including macropolicy dialogue, regional economic and financial monitoring mechanisms or reserve funds and an arrangement for effective currency swaps in times of crisis, can play a useful role in ensuring regional financial stability.

Efforts to put a compact between developing and donor countries into practical effect have resulted in poverty reduction strategies (PRSs) and SWAps which are beginning to trigger greater investments for the Millennium Development Goals on education and gender parity.

At country level, UNICEF will continue to play an active role through country coordination mechanisms in supporting governments to position immunization and other child survival interventions centrally within national instruments such as PRS, SWAps, and medium term expenditure frameworks.

Speakers were pleased with the establishment of focus area 5, first call for children in policies, laws and budgets, and its intention to promote and assess progress on children's rights and focus on UNICEF engagement with PRSs and SWAps.

Each of these commodities is an important input for major corporations. Surely there is at least as much natural demand for commodity bonds as there is for credit default swaps and some of the bizarrely complicated derivatives that are currently traded!

Its banks and financial institutions were not tempted to buy the mortgage supported securities and credit default swaps that ruined several Western financial institutions. Among the drivers of growth, domestic capital formation retained much of its momentum from preceding years.