Two stage tendering, like an auction, involves successive tendering phases, but the Model Law does not give any guidance on how article 33 applies to two stage tendering.

Consequently, as tendering is the general procurement method for goods and construction, the provisions enable an electronic reverse auction procedure that follows the pattern of the standard tendering method, adapted to provide for an electronic reverse auction.

(Those provisions are incorporated by cross reference to chapter III of the Model Law in articles 46 (1) (two stage tendering) and 47 (3) (restricted tendering), and similar provisions are implied in article 48 (6) (request for proposals).

The main arguments for an optional phase approach are (a) flexibility an ERA can be used within more than one procurement method (e.g., open tendering, restricted tendering and two stage tendering) and (b) special regulations have to be drafted only for those aspects of ERA proceedings that are different from normal rules and procedures, as the general aspects of procurement methodology will continue to apply.

(4) Paragraphs 4 (a) and (b) allow for either open tendering principles to be adopted (that is, all qualified suppliers can participate), or limited tendering, such that only those bidders that have the best ranked bids are invited to participate.

(b) The establishment, in advance, of conditions for participation, including selection and award criteria and tendering rules, and their publication

As to its location, the Working Group may consider that the draft article should be presented as part of chapter II ( Methods of procurement and their conditions for use ) and, as a form of tendering, after the current article 19 ( Conditions for use of two stage tendering, requests for proposals or competitive negotiation ).

The Working Group may also wish to make an equivalent provision in two stage tendering.

As electronic reverse auctions may also be appropriate in the circumstances in which the Model Law allows use of restricted tendering under article 20 (in cases in which the time and costs of a tendering procedure would be disproportionate, or in cases of a limited number of suppliers because of highly complex or specialized goods), the materials also include an option to provide for an equivalent to a restricted tendering procedure (see, further, para. 24 below).

In tendering procedures, articles 33 (2) and (3) also provide for the opening of tenders in the presence of participants, and the provision of information to suppliers on the identity and price of other tenders, to enable suppliers to monitor the application of the rules, but only once the tendering phase is complete.

Developing countries are hesitant to open up their markets for GP to international tendering because they fear that foreign suppliers will crowd out local firms and the latter will at the same time be unable to gain access to foreign GP markets because of lack of competitiveness and the complexity of the tendering process.

The Working Group may wish to consider whether open tendering should be required, whether limiting the number of participants in the auction should always be permissible, or whether the procuring entity should be entitled to adopt either approach, for example, taking into consideration the conditions for use of restricted tendering set out in article 20 of the text of the current Model Law.

(f) Article 30 (2) (requiring entities to extend the tendering deadline when it makes changes to its requirements)

'Call not out today for one destruction, but call for many!'

'Call not out today for one destruction, but call for many!'

The conduct of the auction itself would under the draft text below be governed by the principles and objectives of the rules governing tendering.

insert guidance regarding ranking of initial tenders see paragraph 23 above and guidance on use of open and restricted tendering see paragraph 24 above .

Call not this day for one destruction, but call for destructions many.

Call not this day for one destruction, but call for destructions many.

Call not to day for a single death but call for death manifold.

Call not to day for a single death but call for death manifold.

'Do not call out today for one destruction call out for many destructions'

'Do not call out today for one destruction call out for many destructions'

The investigation was initiated in 1997 and concluded that the offending companies agreed to distribute customers amongst themselves while also participating in collusive tendering (bid rigging).

But they will be told, Do not call today for one death, call for many deaths!

But they will be told, Do not call today for one death, call for many deaths!

Secondly, they can enhance the efficient allocation of resources (reducing the time required to conduct a procurement, and reducing the administrative costs of the traditional open tendering procedure).

shall call for destruction

shall call for destruction

For you, it's your call.

Thanks for returning my call.

he shall call for destruction

he shall call for destruction

He will call for death.

He will call for death.

He shall call for perdition,

He shall call for perdition,

We call for their universalization.

The Conference participants call for

(Then it will be said to them ) Do not call for one death today, but call for many deaths.

(Then it will be said to them ) Do not call for one death today, but call for many deaths.

Call for an amnesty for all political prisoners.

A Clarion Call for Emerging Markets

Bono's call to action for Africa

Serious illnesses call for emergency care.