Without external constraints, public and private expenditure grew precipitously in many countries on the eurozone periphery, while wages rose faster than productivity. As these countries posted current account deficits, northern European countries accumulated current account surpluses, exposing a widening competitiveness gap.

But if the US fails to narrow its savings gap, its current account deficit will not disappear, regardless of where the dollar goes. Whether America can achieve decent growth while keeping its current account deficit in check depends on whether it can reinvigorate its ability to innovate and create, thereby restoring competitiveness and creating demand at the same time.

This is where America s multilateral trade deficit enters the equation, for it has long accounted for the bulk of America s balance of payments gap. Since 2000, it has made up fully 96 of the cumulative current account shortfall.

Improving water and sanitation facilities in schools could help in reducing the current gender gap in school enrolment.

Where there is a very small gap between the predicted future cash flow of a short term account receivable item and the current value thereof, the predicted future cash flow is not required to be capitalized when determining the relevant impairment related losses.

The large gap between US and foreign long term interest rates that should emerge from and signal expectations of a falling dollar does not exist. And the 65 billion needed every month to fund the US current account deficit continues to flow in.

The current gap between boys and girls should be considerably narrowed in the near future, as enrolment of girls increased.

International efforts to achieve the Development Goals needed to take into account the technology gap between developing and developed nations.

(3) As regards doubtful account reserves, beginning balance prepared at current period, amount recovered and written off at the current period and ending balance of doubtful account reserves shall be disclosed.

In that respect, it is crucial to bridge the current gap in the funding of the disarmament, demobilization and reintegration programme.

Current projections showed that there was an urgent need to close in 2005 a multi million dollar gap between income and expenditure.

Differences among the eurozone countries in growth rates of productivity and wages will continue to cause disparities in international competitiveness, resulting in trade and current account imbalances. Germany now has a current account surplus of about 215 billion a year, while the rest of the eurozone is running a current account deficit of about 140 billion.

Take the same country s current account deficit and ask how large a real depreciation is needed (making some assumptions about trade elasticities along the way) to close that external gap. If the recent real depreciation achieves that threshold, no further change in the exchange rate should be expected.

Another suggested the possibility that a new international instrument against money laundering could bridge the gap by transforming some current standards into international law.

Indeed, every year for more than three decades, the US Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) has reported a current account deficit. And yet now we must ask whether the US current account deficit is still a problem.

Italy, Spain, and France all have current account deficits equal to 2 or more of their GDP. As they come out of their cyclical recessions, incomes will rise, leading to increased imports and even larger current account deficits.

In the short run, the US current account deficit will remain, regardless of which country runs bilateral surpluses. Thus, China s continued reinvestment of its current account surplus in US government securities is of utmost important for US growth and financial stability.

Perhaps the most notable consequence of Spain s recent reform efforts is its current account surplus the country s first in more than two decades. At the peak of the crisis, Spain s current account deficit amounted to an unprecedented 10 of GDP.

After all, America s still large current account deficit guarantees that the dollar will continue to fall. Even so, the macroeconomic logic that large current account deficits signal that currencies are overvalued continues to escape the world s international financial investors and speculators.

The US current account, which was last in balance in 1991, hit a record deficit of 801 billion (6 of GDP) in 2006. This gap has narrowed in the past couple of years, but much of the improvement probably reflects little more than the temporary impact of an unusually tough business cycle.

In a global economy with deficient aggregate demand, current account surpluses are a problem. But China s current account surplus is actually less than the combined figure for Japan and Germany as a percentage of GDP, it is 5 , compared to Germany s 5.2 .

The Subcommittee noted that space system based telemedicine could reduce the current gap between health care systems in urban areas and those in rural areas in developing countries.

Globalization in its current form has been partly blamed for the widening gap between rich and poor countries, as measured by the inequality of average incomes across countries.

Even more extraordinarily, when these new currencies emerged as the new claimants to reserve status, they had only recently become convertible for current account transactions, and capital flows were still restricted. Germany had moved to current account convertibility in 1958, but Japan only in 1964.

Indeed, it makes the current status quo seem comfortable. The gap between Israel s rich and poor nowadays may recall Brazil, but who remembers the original Zionists social democratic ideals?

In response, current account balances the Achilles heel of the so called East Asian growth miracle went from deficit to surplus. For the ASEAN 5, current account deficits averaging 4 of GDP in 1996 97 swung dramatically into average surpluses of 6.8 of GDP in 1998 99.

The United States trade and current account deficits have begun to shrink relative to American and world GDP. Asian current account surpluses are about to start to shrink as well, especially if growth slows markedly in America in the aftermath of the end of its housing boom.

The gender gap in access to credit remains a reality in Nicaragua, even taking into account the modest proportion of the overall population which has access to that resource.

The present review should take account of the bleak employment record that has been produced by current industrial patterns.

She may open a current account in her own name and may freely withdraw or dispose of its funds .

The gap arising from the foreign exchange conversion of a sellable cash financial asset in any foreign currency shall be recorded into the profits and losses of the current period.

But perhaps the other, bigger gap is what we call the hope gap.

For the ASEAN 5, current account deficits averaging 4 of GDP in 1996 97 swung dramatically into average surpluses of 6.8 of GDP in 1998 99. A similar transformation occurred in South Korea, where a 2.8 current account deficit in 1996 1997 became an 8.6 surplus in 1998 1999.

1.188 All tender and contract document templates will have been revised to take into account current technical and legal issues.

See that gap there? There's a gap, and it affects all the other stories.

America blames China for its trade deficits and the pressures they inflict on workers, citing a massive accumulation of foreign exchange reserves as evidence of an unconscionable currency manipulation. China counters by underscoring America s saving shortfall a gap that must be plugged by surplus saving from abroad, a current account deficit, and a multilateral trade imbalance with more than 100 countries.

Moreover, it is clear that northern European countries could help to close the competitiveness gap more rapidly by encouraging faster wage growth. Indeed, Western policy makers strong focus on persuading the Chinese authorities to permit greater appreciation of their currency is puzzling when one considers that Germany s current account surplus, as a share of GDP, is now much larger than China s.

This argument is correct in the sense that it is the current account surplus or deficit of a monetary union as a whole that can be expected to have exchange rate implications. And, unlike China, Germany no longer has a national exchange rate that can adjust in response to its current account surplus.

The counterargument hinges on the difference between the current account deficit and the trade deficit. The current account deficit is equal to the trade deficit plus the cost of servicing the net international asset position the net rent, interest, and dividends owed to foreigners who have invested their capital in the US.

As developing countries increased their labor intensive production and exports, their current account surpluses rose by almost 3.6 percentage points, on average, between 1989 1993 and 2002 2006. China s current account surplus increased by almost 11 percentage points over the same period, India s by 2.5 percentage points, and Russia s by seven percentage points.

Closing Europe s Strategy Gap

There's a gap here.

The Transatlantic Growth Gap

Beyond the Gender Gap

Closing Asia s Security Gap