New capacity is mainly planned in developing countries and countries in transition with relatively low production costs and rapidly growing domestic demand.

But it is impeded by slow growth and, thanks to high unemployment and weak global demand, persistently low inflation. Worse, over the longer term, low investment undermines productivity, while protracted unemployment destroys skills.

Like most economists, he believes that if policymakers try to keep interest rates at artificially low levels for too long, eventually demand will soar and inflation will jump. So, if inflation is low and stable, central banks cannot be blamed for low long term rates.

The key problem in times like these is that investor demand for safe, secure, and liquid assets and thus their value is too high, while demand for assets that underpin and finance the economy s productive capital is too low. The obvious solution is for governments to create more cash to satisfy the demand for safe, secure, liquid assets.

Firms that invest little will become uncompetitive. In the jargon of economists, low demand will engender low supply, making a non inflationary recovery even more difficult to achieve.

The main reason for the loss is the same as the dilemma faced by the global steel industry weak market demand and low utilization rate.

The problem is that low interest rates will not motivate firms to invest if there is no demand for their products. Nor will low rates inspire individuals to borrow to consume if they are anxious about their future (which they should be).

The pessimists believe that there has been a large decline in the will to invest, something like the loss of animal spirits described by Keynes. Even with very low interest rates, according to this view, investment demand will remain low, and therefore aggregate demand will remain insufficient.

Other contributory factors were high domestic liquidity and low, albeit gently rising, interest rates, which enhanced domestic demand expansion.

The US housing boom is due, first, to low interest rates, which mean that large amounts of money can be borrowed for mortgages with moderate monthly payments. Low interest rates strengthen the ability to pay, and thus boost demand.

Policymakers initially resorted to government spending and low interest rates to boost demand. As government debt has ballooned and policy interest rates have hit rock bottom, central banks have focused on increasingly innovative policy to boost demand.

Not surprisingly, a catchphrase in economic policy debates nowadays is secular stagnation, the idea that excess savings chronically dampen demand. The economist Robert Gordon has also argued that the world is low on economically productive ideas.

But this is not because the country trades mainly with other dynamic emerging economies, or because there is huge global demand for uniquely Polish products. Rather, Poland simply combines low costs (including wages) and high quality production.

Even in a situation with relatively slow demand growth and weak prices, new capacity may still be added successfully if production costs are low enough.

The demand is huge.

With its high value, relatively low bulk and ease of transport, easily disguised identity and origin and the potential to exploit the market demand unmet by restricted supplies, the caviar trade offers organized criminal groups a low risk, high profit activity.

In general, growth was broadly based, supported by robust export growth and higher commodity prices as well as strong domestic demand driven by low interest rates.

Indeed, foreign investors stay away from economies without basic infrastructure those with costly and unreliable roads, ports, communication systems and electricity and low effective consumer demand.

It also means getting the balance between domestic and external demand right, and appreciating the sensitivity of medium and long term growth to the composition (and size) of domestic aggregate demand. Against this background, monetary policymakers must be cautious, because low interest rates can shift the growth model back toward leverage and domestic consumer demand, stalling the structural shift to the tradable side that is underway.

Battery is low!

For example, the secular stagnation theory claims that low interest rates tell the true story. The global economy is suffering from a chronic demand shortfall, which can be remedied through sustained growth in government spending.

(e) Quick reaction, launch on demand launches using low cost dedicated vehicles (e.g. crisis monitoring, replacement after an in orbit failure, or monitoring of unexpected environmental conditions)

The relative contribution of emissions from industrial processes to total GHG emissions is generally low in non Annex I Parties, but it is expected to grow in response to demand for industrial materials. Many non Annex I Parties are developing rapidly.

Fortunately, Chinese households relatively low leverage means that the kind of balance sheet damage that occurred in some advanced countries during the crisis, leading to a huge drop in demand, is unlikely, even if real estate prices continue to decline. It also means that there remains some space for expanding consumer credit to boost demand.

But they are not enough. If the low carbon revolution is to be achieved, we will need both the public and private sectors to commit more fully to green innovation, from both the supply and demand sides.

Ours is on the demand side.

The combination of high oil prices and production, low interest rates, ample liquidity in both public and private sectors and associated domestic demand expansion gave rise to strong growth.

This is very, very low.

The understanding is very low.

My blood pressure is low.

If the US is unable or unwilling to run the required deficits, the global economy will flounder in a savings glut of low demand and cheap capital until another alternative emerges. Or perhaps the low cost of international capital will entice the US to absorb some of the world s excess savings, triggering a new period of global expansion.

Whether that fall reflected low demand for credit or constrained supply may seem like a technical issue. But the answer holds important implications for policymaking and prospects for economic growth.

This is what these other cultures demand.

This demand is logical, reasonable and justifiable.

A normal gap between supply and demand for some subset of currently produced commodities is not a serious problem, because it is balanced by excess demand for other currently produced commodities. As industries suffering from insufficient demand shed workers, industries benefiting from surplus demand hire them.

This one is very low power.

Dutch is a Low Franconian language.

This is a low budget movie.

Illiteracy is very low in Aruba.

There is close relationship between supply and demand.

Lower house prices throughout Europe are thus likely to be accompanied by weaker consumption demand, as in the US. In Germany, for example, house prices have remained relatively low and consumption weak.

Lower house prices throughout Europe are thus likely to be accompanied by weaker consumption demand, as in the US. In Germany, for example, house prices have remained relatively low and consumption weak.

In any case, international offers of rightly certified recovered recycled reclaimed refrigerants are very limited, and the demand is also low, since the general opinion of refrigeration servicing workshops in the countries concerned is that such restored CFCs may not have the same quality as virgin substances.

Governments, it is true, could get their money cheaper as yields fell. But banks were not lending the money made available to them, partly because they used it to pay down their own debts, and partly because of low demand for loans.

As the minimum wage is increased, employers incentive to substitute equipment or more skilled employees strengthens. This reduction in the demand for low skilled workers could be offset by taking into account the hourly equivalent of transfer payments when calculating the minimum wage.