The appropriate role of residual insecticides for disease vector control

Evaluation of the continued need for DDT for disease vector control

3.2 Trends in the use of DDT for Disease Vector Control

Summary of current WHO Recommendations regarding DDT and disease vector control

7.2 The use of DDT and alternatives for disease vector control

Situation analysis of the production and use of DDT for disease vector control

The selection of malaria vector control interventions should be evidence based and appropriate to the local ecology and epidemiology of the vector borne disease.

The WHO position with respect to the use of DDT in activities aimed at disease vector control to interrupt disease transmission is as follows.

the Conference of the Parties in evaluating the continued need for DDT for disease vector control

Of the responding countries, eight reported use of DDT for disease vector control for the reporting period (2001 2003).

It fosters the involvement of principal stakeholders, especially local communities and those public sectors whose actions impact vector ecology and disease transmission.

Conducive conditions are also created for effective regulation to minimize prevent the private sector's role in creating conditions that support vector borne disease transmission.

The efficacy of DDT and its alternatives is important information for deciding the actual need for DDT for disease vector control in any local area.

According to the DDT register, three countries have notified use of DDT in disease vector control and one country notified the intention to use DDT if necessary.

In addition, there is a need to strengthen the capacity of countries in gathering and managing relevant data, including the routine reporting activities of disease vector control programmes.

A vector is a unit vector if its norm is 1.

So they need a vector and this vector, it's normally an animal.

The Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) restricts the production and use of DDT to disease vector control in accordance with World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations and guidelines.

In paragraph 3 of decision INC 7 2, the Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee requested the Secretariat, in cooperation with the World Health Organization, to develop a modified format for reporting by Parities that use DDT for disease vector control and a questionnaire for reporting on other information relevant to the evaluation of the continued need for disease vector control pursuant to paragraph 6 of part II of Annex B of the Convention.

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Furthermore, the system will also be used to facilitate the reporting and the evaluation processes of the Stockholm Convention regarding the use and continued need for DDT in disease vector control.

(e) Conduct of a meeting of experts to consider available information and provide a report to the Conference of the Parties on the continued need for DDT use in disease vector control

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In this regard, it is recommended that a well resourced mechanism for reporting and assessment on DDT use for disease vector control, be set up under the auspices of the Secretariat and WHO.

Loads a character encoding vector from from a file and changes the fonts encoding vector to it.

WHO SSC meeting of experts for the preparation of a report to assist the Conference of the Parties to the Stockholm Convention in its evaluation of the continued need for DDT in disease vector control

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Implication of vector resistance to insecticides

This was carried out with due consideration of document UNEP POPS INC.7 INF 21 regarding the guidance and information needed to assist the Conference of Parties in evaluating continued need for DDT for disease vector control.

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In considering the above options COP is reminded of documents INC7 4 and INC7 INF 21 regarding the guidance and information needed to assist the Conference of Parties in evaluating continued need for DDT for disease vector control.

And you can show, just by looking at data from literature, that vector borne diseases are more harmful than non vector borne diseases.

In order to ensure that the use of DDT is restricted to disease vector control, there is a need to support countries still using DDT to urgently review and improve their management practices, especially the regulatory and enforcement mechanisms.

1 It is expected that the second evaluation of the continued need for DDT in disease vector control will take place at the third meeting of the Conference of Parties in 2007 since no meeting is planned in 2008.

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Interactive 2 D vector drawing program for X11

We're so used to working in one vector.

Insecticide resistance has grave implications for vector control.

(d) Field testing of the draft format for country reporting on DDT and for evaluation of the continued need for DDT for disease vector control in cooperation with the World Health Organization (WHO), including conducting an expert consultation on the latter

(c) Invite the World Health Organization to participate actively in the work referred to above and in any other manner that may support the Conference of the Parties in future evaluations of the continued need for DDT for disease vector control.

From other information available to the Secretariat and WHO, the group estimates that in total around 20 countries are still using DDT for disease vector control and five countries have indicated to WHO the likelihood to revert to it if necessary.

The negotiation process for the Stockholm Convention on POPs, particularly the debate over the use of DDT for disease vector control, was instrumental in accelerating the evolution in the use of IVM as a centrepiece for efforts to promote DDT alternatives.

Mr. Francis Agyemang Yeboah, School of Medical Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana, stressed that changes in both physical and biological factors in the ecosystem affect the distribution and abundance of disease vector organisms and intermediate hosts.

WHO (2004) Global strategic framework for integrated vector management.