UNEMPLOYED Unemployment by level of education

UNEMPLOYMENT RATE BY SEX AND LEVEL OF EDUCATION IN

The high level of unemployment among young people is of particular concern.

The seasonally adjusted unemployment figures differ only slightly, which means that unemployment remains at a relatively stable but high level.

The level of unemployment and underemployment in the Gaza Strip was 60 per cent.

The disastrous state of the infrastructure and the unemployment level were cited as additional deterrent factors.

94. The continuously high level of unemployment is largely due to a considerable expansion of the supply of labour.

The unemployment rate for men with the same level of education was about 72 per cent (table 11.33).

The 1994 figures show a higher level unemployment for women (11.37 ) than for men (3.23 ).

Perhaps the most important of these is the high level of unemployment, an ill unknown to several generations of Cubans.

As a result, unemployment is averaging 10 this decade and has not been below 8 for 20 years. And, while the overall level of unemployment has remained stable albeit at a shockingly high level the unemployment rate among young men (in the 16 24 age group) jumped from 15.3 in 1990 to 21.4 in 2005.

The level of unemployment is higher than the national average in the districts of Montana, Plovdiv, Rousse, Sofia, and Haskovo

The low level of qualifications among women, which has led to a high female unemployment rate, following civil service staffing cutbacks.

The Committee is concerned about the level of long term unemployment, affecting men age 55 59, and the high rate of unemployment among immigrants, refugees, new college graduates and women, which are well above the national average.

The number of young women engaging in prostitution, especially among internally displaced persons, is rising because of the high level of unemployment and poverty.

We also have to recall that, because of the socio political problems, unemployment has continued to rise, which further compounded the difficult economic situation of vulnerable groups in a country which already had a very disturbing level of unemployment.

The level of unemployment for the entire population was 8.8 (in 1999, it was 13.5 ), or 7.2 among men and 10.4 among women.

Unemployment ( of total) ____________

It is clear, however, that, despite their high level of education, unemployment amongst Bulgarian women warrants the serious attention and efforts of the Bulgarian Government.

(i) Were in receipt of unemployment benefits (follow up unemployment assistance) or

Also dropping is the level of unemployment among women. If it was 12 in 2001, it was 11.2 in 2002 and 10.4 in 2003.

The Varieties of Unemployment

Sectoral levels of unemployment

Table 6 presents trends in the labour force, employment and unemployment, based on the narrow definition of unemployment and the broad definition of unemployment respectively.

For the country as a whole, a steadily falling trend is being noted in the level of unemployment (to 8.8 in 2003 from 13.5 in 1999).

For example, people who suffer the most adversity can fall back on an explicit social safety net a minimum level of unemployment insurance, for example. In the United States in recent years, federal and state legislatures prolonged unemployment benefits as joblessness persisted.

Unemployment

UNEMPLOYMENT

Unemployment

Unemployment!

If monetary policy is used to try to push unemployment below some pre determined level, inflation will accelerate without limit and destroy jobs. A monetary policy aiming for sub NAIRU unemployment must therefore be avoided at all costs.

Friedman s theory asserted that inflation would automatically accelerate without limit once unemployment fell below a minimum safe level, which he described as the natural unemployment rate. In Friedman s original work, the natural unemployment rate was a purely theoretical conjecture, founded on an assumption described as rational expectations, even though it ran counter to any normal definition of rational behavior.

Like unemployment benefits, unemployment assistance partly makes up for the loss of income from work.

The Unemployment Fund administers unemployment benefit, while the Ministry of Social Affairs has overall responsibility

21. Other studies confirm this situation and demonstrate that the unemployment level among young Maghrebis and Africans is considerably higher than the average.

The Mirage of Youth Unemployment

Unemployment and choice of occupation

(b) Increased levels of unemployment

In 2002 the level of unemployment declined further to 9.4 and, as compared to the year before, there were 10 700 fewer unemployed people in rural areas.

However, if Governments employ specific programmes to promote youth employment and entrepreneurship at the national level, we will succeed in significantly reducing youth unemployment.

Hopeless Unemployment

URBAN UNEMPLOYMENT

Unemployment rates

(b) Unemployment

Percentage unemployment