These neurons will fire when a person performs a specific action.

So, most of them will fire when I'm touched in different locations. Different neurons for different locations.

And if we record from lots of different neurons, we'll see that different neurons fire when the animal goes in different parts of its environment, like in this square box shown here.

So, I call them Gandhi neurons, or empathy neurons.

Neurons ... communication.

We can load up all the neurons, each one on to its processor, and fire it up, and see what happens.

And that is, there are mirror neurons, just as there are mirror neurons for action, there are mirror neurons for touch.

There's 10,000 neurons here.

They are called neurons.

Let's look at neurons.

We're looking at neurons here.

Mirror neurons and imitation, emulation.

If we can install these molecules in neurons somehow, then these neurons would become electrically drivable with light.

We're the neurons in this brain.

VS Ramachandran The neurons that shaped civilization

I mean, neurons have thousands of these.

Ed Boyden A light switch for neurons

But what Rizzolatti found was a subset of these neurons, maybe about 20 percent of them, will also fire when I'm looking at somebody else performing the same action.

He took 20,000 and then 60,000 disaggregated rat neurons so these are just individual neurons from rats put them on a chip.

Now you've probably seen pictures of neurons before.

Imagine a network of neurons with one neuromodulator.

And you may have more or less neurons.

We can use different neurons with different variations.

And we did that for tens of thousands of neurons, built digital models of all the different types of neurons we came across.

The unique character of both individual neurons and neurons within a collection of the brain are driven by fundamental properties of their underlying biochemistry.

Its modest nervous system consists of just 300 neurons.

There are neurons there that are sensitive to faces.

Now, what is the significance of these mirror neurons?

So we can describe the communication between the neurons.

So there's about 86 billion neurons in our brain.

So as I mentioned, there are 86 billion neurons.

So now the neurons are represented by little nodes or circuits on the chip, and the connections among the neurons are represented, actually modeled by transistors.

There are 100 billion neurons in the adult human brain.

So, we have the mathematics to make neurons come alive.

Now, it turns out there are neurons which are called ordinary motor command neurons in the front of the brain, which have been known for over 50 years.

The nasal cavity is unique, as the only place where brain cells (neurons) are directly exposed to the environment. If we model smell on local terms, we can trace how nasal neurons interact with scent particles, sending signals through a network of other neurons to the brain.

The branches of neurons are like the wires of the brain.

Well, the brain, as you know, is made up of neurons.

So, here again you have neurons which are enrolled in empathy.

How small can neurons get? Well, look at this interesting insect.

We can look at the fabric. And we can change neurons.

And like the rest of the brain, it's made of neurons.

There are these newly identified neurons, mirror neurons, that act like a neuro Wi Fi, activating in our brain exactly the areas activated in theirs. We feel with automatically.

Now, at this point, you've learned the basics of neurons and synapses.

But they'll also go inside our brain, interact with our biological neurons.