between 29 October and 11 November 1997 northern Iraq southern Iraq

Dates Sorties over northern Iraq Sorties over southern Iraq Sorties of the TR 1 over southern Iraq

Dates Sorties over northern Iraq Sorties over southern Iraq Sorties of the TR 1 over southern Iraq

Insecurity continued to hinder efforts in Iraq and the northern Caucasus.

During 1997, some 1,000 persons repatriated from northern Iraq to Turkey.

Turkey believed that might was right and it had designs on northern Iraq.

The violations of Iraq apos s airspace by American warplanes have increased along with the escalation of American threats to unleash military aggression against Iraq. The American warplanes violated Iraq apos s airspace in northern and southern Iraq 984 times, of which 169 violations occurred in northern Iraq and 815 in southern Iraq, between 29 October and 11 November 1997.

The violations of Iraq apos s airspace by American warplanes have increased along with the escalation of American threats to unleash military aggression against Iraq. The American warplanes violated Iraq apos s airspace in northern and southern Iraq 984 times, of which 169 violations occurred in northern Iraq and 815 in southern Iraq, between 29 October 1997 and 11 November 1997.

Long simmering disagreements between Turkey and the US came to a boil with the emergence of the Kurds of northern Iraq as the Pentagon's main allies in the Iraq War. The American administration made it clear that military intervention by Turkey in Northern Iraq would not be tolerated.

The representative of Turkey could not the invoke a de facto power vacuum in northern Iraq to justify the invasion of Iraq by Turkey s armed forces.

14. UNHCR apos s withdrawal from Atroush camp in northern Iraq met with differing response from delegations.

The draft resolution had failed to mention the occupation by Turkey of vast areas of northern Iraq.

204. During 1996, political instability in Northern Iraq continued to affect UNHCR apos s programs and operations.

The Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in Iraq reported that according to the Department of Humanitarian Affairs, the recent outbreak of hostilities in northern Iraq had resulted in the displacement of some 20,000 people within northern Iraq and the departure of an estimated 39,000 people for the Islamic Republic of Iran (A 51 496).

It was they who should be blamed for any terrorist attacks that were launched from northern Iraq into Turkey.

I was placed at the center of that war because I was covering the war from the northern part of Iraq.

269. In addition, the Special Rapporteur received several reports regarding the killings of Kurds and Assyrians by Kurds in northern Iraq.

The Government had seen to it that rations were distributed equitably in northern, central and southern Iraq, including the marsh areas.

The 2005 peak for Geneva is largely a result of the processing of separations for the Electricity Network Rehabilitation Programme in Northern Iraq.

Three delegations referred to the situation of Turkish refugees of Kurdish origin in northern Iraq and commended UNHCR apos s efforts on their behalf.

The terrorist elements operating in northern Iraq had found sanctuary and support in a country that was now attempting to level groundless allegations against Turkey.

The Government of Iraq renews its call to the Government of Turkey to renounce this dangerous policy, which clearly contributes to perpetuating the tensions in northern Iraq, in cooperation with the United States and United Kingdom Governments, as part of a scheme to interfere in Iraq apos s internal affairs.

Vicious terrorist attacks in Egypt, Iraq, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and elsewhere have dramatized the magnitude of the threat of terrorism.

The determination of the United States of America to intervene militarily in northern Iraq was impeding the achievement of tangible democratic progress at the national level.

The charges are numerous and range from criticizing the Government to smuggling food items, stealing, forging documents (passports), fleeing the country or fleeing to northern Iraq.

78. The estimated 5 to 10 million landmines and unexploded ordnance in the three northern governorates of Iraq continue to claim the lives of many people.

The Government of Iraq renews its call to the Government of Turkey to renounce its dangerous policy, which clearly contributes to perpetuating the abnormal situation in northern Iraq, in cooperation with the United States and United Kingdom Governments, as part of a dangerous scheme to interfere in Iraq apos s internal affairs.

There was a de facto vacuum of authority in northern Iraq which had made it possible for armed terrorist elements to launch armed attacks into Turkish territory.

The fighting between the KDP and the PUK resulted in the flight of an estimated 65,000 PUK supporters from northern Iraq to the Islamic Republic of Iran.

Information was received from the following Member States Cuba, Cyprus, Iraq, Lebanon, Mauritius, Mexico, Russian Federation, Saudi Arabia, Ukraine, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

268. The Special Rapporteur received information indicating that numerous violations of the right to life occurred in the course of security operations in northern Iraq reportedly conducted jointly by armed forces of the Government of Iraq and forces of the Kurdish Democratic Party.

Iraq, and then Iraq, and then Iraq.

But, worst case scenarios aside, a Turkish invasion of northern Iraq can only serve the interests of Turkey s Kurdish separatists. That s why cooler heads are likely to prevail.

Iraq, Katrina, Iraq

One delegation stated that a group of these refugees located in Ain Sufni should be relocated elsewhere in northern Iraq, thereby encouraging more of these refugees to repatriate voluntarily.

Although the United States of America and its two principal allies in the 2003 invasion of Iraq the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and Australia were all involved in the 1991 Iraq war, there is little evidence of substantial changes in the treaty relations between these countries and Iraq between the two conflicts.

Affairs of Iraq addressed to the Secretary General Further to my letter of 21 August 1997 (S 1997 664, annex), I should like to call your attention to the fact that the Turkish encroachments on Iraq apos s territory and airspace are still recurring, as exemplified by the aerial violations being committed by Turkish fighter aircraft in northern Iraq.

258. It is recognized that the economic and social hardships in Iraq following the international embargo since the Gulf war and the continuing situation in the Northern Governorates, which precludes Iraq from exercising its jurisdiction, makes the full implementation of the Convention more difficult.

It rejected in particular paragraph 3 (h), which was a blatant attempt to undermine the unity and territorial integrity of Iraq by splitting it up into minority populations it therefore rejected any measures and previous declarations on the establishment of security zones in northern Iraq.

Factional fighting between the two main political parties in Northern Iraq, the Kurdistan Democratic Party (KDP) and the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan (PUK), coupled with the intervention of outside powers, resulted in population movements both inside Iraq and to the Islamic Republic of Iran.

79. In mid 1997, UNOPS signed a memorandum of understanding with the office of the Iraq programme and the Department of Peacekeeping Operations to conduct the mine action programme in northern Iraq under the provisions of Security Council resolution 986 (1995) of 14 April 1995.

Northern

Northern.

Just when the smoke from Turkey s domestic political conflicts of the past year had begun to clear, another deadly attack by Kurdish separatists on Turkish soldiers has the government threatening military attacks inside northern Iraq. That prospect raises risks for Turkey, Iraq, and the United States.

260. The laws and regulations providing for the autonomy of the Kurdish minority in the northern parts of Iraq and the regulations concerning the protection of the cultural identity of several minority groups in Iraq, including the protection of languages spoken by them, are noted with appreciation.