This is a block diagram of a model and simulation of the human auditory cortex that actually works quite well in applying psychoacoustic tests, gets very similar results to human auditory perception.

There is about 20 regions of the brain that have been modeled, simulated and tested the auditory cortex, regions of the visual cortex cerebellum, where we do our skill formation slices of the cerebral cortex, where we do our rational thinking.

You don't form images with your primary visual cortex.

And primary visual cortex sees just simple geometry, just the simplest of shapes.

When people have these simple geometrical hallucinations, the primary visual cortex is activated.

This is the area where primary auditory processing so you're hearing my words, you're sending it up into higher language processing centers.

And some of the research now is showing is that people on the spectrum actually think with primary visual cortex.

It's because you're all doing a cross model synesthetic abstraction, meaning you're saying that that sharp inflection ki ki, in your auditory cortex, the hair cells being excited Kiki, mimics the visual inflection, sudden inflection of that jagged shape.

So just the same way that we were able to jump over the damaged circuitry in the retina to get to the retina's output cells, we can jump over the damaged circuitry in the cochlea to get the auditory nerve, or jump over damaged areas in the cortex, in the motor cortex, to bridge the gap produced by a stroke.

Now if you look at the brain of an individual who has a cochlear implant and you have them listen to speech, have them listen to rhythm and have them listen to melody, what you find is that the auditory cortex is the most active during speech.

Light enters, hits the back of the retina, and is circulated, most of which is streamed to the very back of the brain, at the primary visual cortex.

They are visual, auditory, reading and writing and kinesthetic.

We are not passive exhibitors of visual or auditory or tactile images.

And you do that by measuring the relative activation of the left prefrontal cortex in the fMRI, versus the right prefrontal cortex.

Prefrontal cortex is an interesting brain area.

It goes to the nucleus accumbens, all the way up to the prefrontal cortex, orbital frontal cortex, where decisions are made, high level.

So we've got motor cortex activation up there.

On the side here, this is temporal cortex.

So for whatever reason, this implant is not successfully stimulating auditory cortices during melody perception.

And then I'm going to finish up with another example of this with audio auditory illusions.

You're flying through the cortex of my colleague's brain.

So from the retina you go onto visual cortex.

This big cortex, or whatever, we're pretty proud of ourselves.

Each individual's cortex is folded differently, very much like a fingerprint.

So you have the prefrontal cortex here, lighting up in red.

You have the green for example, that corresponds to tactile information, or the blue that corresponds to auditory information.

There is the brain stem in between the cerebral cortex and the spinal cord.

Now, I'll prime your auditory part of your brain to tell you what you're supposed to hear, and then hear it again.

There's sensory evidence you can use visual information auditory information, and that might tell you it's going to land in that red spot.

We have a very small amount of bandwidth for processing auditory input, which is why noise like this is extremely damaging for productivity.

One of the brain regions that changes most dramatically during adolescence is called prefrontal cortex.

Again, I'm putting your anterior cingulate cortex to the test here, causing you conflicting pattern detections.

It's been shown to promote pre frontal cortex development where a lot of cognition is happening.

I've gone and had an fMRI myself, to see how my visual cortex is taking over.

And you see that in humans, because of the development of the pre frontal cortex, it's called.

When images are formed, a higher part of the visual cortex is involved in the temporal lobe.

Why care if it is the brain stem or the cerebral cortex and how this is made?

Other than regular primary schools there are special primary schools and institutes, parallel primary schools (music and ballet), and primary schools for adults.

And then, as you grow up, the cortex develops, and inhibits these latent sexual urges towards your mother.

So this is a model of the human brain, and this is prefrontal cortex, right at the front.

You cannot have a conscious mind if you don't have the interaction between cerebral cortex and brain stem.

Except that they're not as rich as ours, because they don't have a cerebral cortex like we do.

And so we had this focal area called the medial prefrontal cortex that went way up in activity.

Primary education is realized through primary schools, special primary schools for children with development problems, and departments for primary education of adults (after 16).

Now, at this level, in what's called the inferotemporal cortex, there are only visual images, or figments or fragments.