(a) Through national energy policies, national governments strongly influence the quantity and source of energy within a country, the operation of centralized or national electrical utilities, tax policies and subsidies to certain energy sources

Energy policies

(f) Develop national energy policies and regulatory frameworks that will help create the necessary economic, social and institutional conditions in the energy sector.

Energy Efficiency Policies (1995)

Among other activities, it organized a number of national workshops on integration of energy and rural development policies and programmes.

Policies and measures which aim to improve energy efficiency are pivotal in all of the second national communications received so far.

(c) Development and implementation of rural energy policies

National policies and international investment have, in recent decades, tended to focus on large scale energy systems that support broad economic development.

Policies and measures are reported in the national communication and are organized by gas and by sector, with a focus on the energy sector.

Studies in geothermal energy at the National Energy Authority, Iceland (15)

Yet, as the discussion showed, there are important technological and economic issues which call for coherent energy policies both at the national and international levels.

national experience, policies, strategies

National policies and instruments

The southern Africa region was responding to the environmental challenges facing it by harmonizing national energy policies and approaches to the sustainable management of water resources.

But energy policies continued to focus on finding more fossil fuels.

(a) Energy statistics experts from national statistical offices and or energy ministries authorities

V. National policies and measures

National priorities, policies and institutions

National health policies and strategies

This may assist national Governments in designing national implementation policies.

Energy efficient industry can compete better, pollute less and help to achieve national energy security.

(d) Reviewing national experiences with energy policy making

As Italy apos s latest national energy plan it has so far proved to be a resilient instrument for managing national energy supply.

Report of the Secretary General on development and implementation of rural energy policies

(d) Local action in the field of energy policies and measures should address

The Ministry of Environment and Energy, and its agencies, however, has the task of aggregating the effect of sectoral policies and their projections and determining implications for national targets related to total national carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions.

The role of national and international policies

Transboundary human rights effects of national policies

Framework for international cooperation and national policies

Brazil held its first national conference on women policies in July 2004 to prepare guidelines for gender mainstreaming in national policies.

Facilitate the sharing of knowledge and experiences on rural energy projects, programmes and policies

Urban transport policies focus on demand reduction, prioritizing public transport and reducing energy consumption.

Similarly, national leaders in the developing world where some three billion people do not have access to affordable energy are under immense pressure to deliver standard of living improvements. They are likely to shy from policies that raise the cost of energy.

(c) Deepening international and national analysis of the energy sector and development of low carbon energy scenarios

(e) Amphetamine type stimulants as a national problem national experience, policies, strategies

While it will remain relevant up to 2000, a fresh set of decisions affecting Italy apos s energy policies may be expected into the new century especially if the privatization programme of ENI (Italy apos s national oil and natural gas board) and ENEL (national electricity board) is implemented as planned and a national energy authority is established as expected in 1997.

Many small island developing States were unable to adopt energy efficient practices for lack of appropriate policies and information, and most needed energy audits.

Similarly, economies in transition and most developing countries have made considerable investments in the development of national energy infrastructures and the formulation of national energy strategies.

Noting that the primary responsibility for meeting the energy needs of their populations lay with Governments, the Subcommittee recognized the need for the involvement of other relevant stakeholders at the local, national, regional and international levels to formulate and implement appropriate energy policies and programmes.

Report of the National Office of Nuclear Energy and Technology

Other Parties have developed policies for cleaner industrial production including through setting stringent energy intensity targets and energy conservation plans for different branches of industry.

National, bilateral and multilateral agreements for economic development and trade can reinforce the ability and authority of local governments to establish and implement policies to promote sustainable energy systems in their communities.

Additional reductions in energy demand and greenhouse gas emissions can be obtained with more ambitious policies.

(d) Development of national and local energy action programmes by an open and transparent process involving the participation of sector representatives, academia, local authorities, citizens, and non governmental organizations in the elaboration of energy policies, and allowing for hearings and other means of broad public participation

Mainstreaming a gender perspective into national policies and programmes