Access to sanitation services for the poor could also be expanded through dedicated comprehensive programmes, such as total sanitation campaigns .

Occupational safety and sanitation well as production tools are in poor conditions.

Detainees live in extremely poor conditions and a deplorable state of sanitation.

More than 3 million deaths per year are attributed to water pollution and poor sanitation, mainly in poor rural areas.

In the case of the school sanitation programme, the burdensome contribution led to poor construction of facilities and, in turn, poor use.

Poor hygiene, sanitation and water exacerbate poverty by reducing productivity and elevating health care costs.

Urban services water and sanitation getting the private sector to work for the urban poor

(a) Urban water and sanitation governance that is geared to the needs of the poor

Poverty and below average living conditions result in nutritional deficiencies, poor housing and inadequate sanitation.

This could involve a combination of targeting the sanitation needs of the poor and increasing support for hygiene education, which can leverage domestic sanitation demand and investment.

Brazil had adopted in the 1980s a policy of condominium development of water and sanitation services in poor neighbourhoods.

There are several factors that affect health, such as environmental quality, malnutrition, poverty, poor human settlements and inadequate sanitation facilities.

Increased investment in environmentally sustainable water, sanitation and human settlements programmes has multiple dividends benefiting women, the poor and the environment.

Where sanitation fees are separate from water tariffs, progressive fee structures could support cross subsidization of sewer connections for the poor.

Promoting pro poor policies is important for improving access of the poor to adequate housing and to public services such as water and sanitation services, which require inputs from the public sector.

Poor and inadequate housing conditions, characterized by overcrowding and lack of privacy, sanitation and basic services exacerbate women's vulnerability to domestic violence.

Severe overcrowding, consequent poor sanitation, lack of sufficient food and health care, which have sometimes resulted in the death of detainees, were widely observed.

Welcoming the establishment by the Executive Director of UN Habitat of a Water and Sanitation Trust Fund as a financing mechanism to support the creation of enabling environments for pro poor investment in water and sanitation in developing country cities,

Sanitation

Where charges for sanitation services are included in water charges, services for poor households, including sewer connections, could be cross subsidized from progressive water charges.

6.2 States should subsidize water and sanitation services for low income households and poor areas that lack the means to secure access to such services.

Under a pro poor urban water and sanitation governance framework, key elements which should be addressed are pro poor policies, pricing mechanisms, risk control, fair and transparent negotiations and contracts and access to finance and texts of regulations.

The urban poor usually have very low access to water and sanitation services, and pockets of people such as indigenous groups often have even lower access.

Ecosystem approaches increase the availability of clean water and should be an integral part of actions to supply the poor with clean water and adequate sanitation.

The purpose of the dialogue was to address the issue of private sector participation and its role in providing water and sanitation to the urban poor.

Documentation HSP WUF 2 9 Urban services Making the private sector work for the urban poor Water and Sanitation in Cities report (UN Habitat 2003), Getting the private sector to work for the urban poor (draft, UN Habitat 2004)

(b) Sanitation

C. Sanitation

Factors such as density, poor habitability and lack of accessible civic services (water, electricity, sanitation) can further contribute to increasing the vulnerability of women to domestic violence.

These are also effective mechanisms through which to disseminate valuable information on ways to improve the health, legal rights, sanitation and other relevant concerns of the poor.

Water and sanitation N27 Upgrading water and sanitation facilities in schools and training in maintenance and proper sanitation and hygiene practices

It highlights IWMI work with poor rural communities in Africa and Asia to improve livelihoods and food production and Development Cooperation efforts to bring drinking water and better health and sanitation to poor communities in Africa and South East Asia.

Inadequate and unsafe water, poor sanitation, and unsafe hygiene practices are the main causes of diarrhoea, which results in at least 1.9 million under 5 child deaths annually.

The fight against poverty, the provision of safe drinking water, sanitation and housing were interlinked and investments should be made in plans and programmes to benefit the poor.

Information on the conditions and requirements for effective private sector participation played an important role if water and sanitation provision was to be extended to the urban poor.

Currently there is a critical shortage of medicines, while the breakdown of electricity and water supplies and poor sanitation take their toll among the medical and educational services.

The dialogue on urban services water and sanitation getting the private sector to work for the urban poor emphasized that the private sector does not only relate to large multinational water and sanitation companies, but also to local domestic companies, small scale vendors and community based initiatives.

12.4 Sanitation facilities

Water and sanitation

Occupation. sanitation inspector.

The risks include health risks from overcrowding and poor sanitation, increased vulnerability to natural disasters and risks of eviction and economic vulnerability because of the lack of secure employment.

Thus, UN Habitat has established strategic partnerships with the World Bank and the regional development banks to promote pro poor investments in human settlements related to water and sanitation.

4. Urges Governments to promote pro poor investments in services and infrastructure, in particular water and sanitation, in order to improve living environments, in particular in slums and informal settlements

To plan better living conditions of low income families who live in poor settlements and reverse the process of transforming the big cities into slums, investing in environmental sanitation actions.

One example is sanitation.