Inventories of anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals by sinks of greenhouse gases

and removals by sinks of all greenhouse gases not controlled by the Montreal Protocol

Table 3. Summary of projections of removals of CO2 by sinks and reservoirs

Removals of CO2 by sinks are included in the projections, but listed separately.

Projecting global GHG emissions methods to estimate future global GHG emissions or removals by sinks

The alternatives also reflect a range of views on the inclusion of removals by sinks.

(a) Address all greenhouse gases, their emissions by sources and removals by sinks, and all relevant sectors

CO2 removals by sinks were estimated separately, as required by the guidelines, at 8,555 Gg per year.

quot Net anthropogenic emissions quot of greenhouse gases is the calculated difference between emissions by sources and removals by sinks.

Calculations, including a discussion of how uncertainties have been addressed A description of formulae used to estimate the baseline net greenhouse gas removals by sinks for the project activity A description of formulae used to estimate leakage A description of formulae used to calculate the actual net greenhouse gas removals by sinks A description of formulae used to calculate the net anthropogenic greenhouse gas removals by sinks References to support the above, if any.

In calculating the baseline net greenhouse gas removals by sinks and or actual net greenhouse gas removals by sinks, project participants may choose not to account for one or more carbon pools, and or emissions of the greenhouse gases measured in CO2 equivalents, while avoiding double counting.

(e) Projection until around the middle of the twenty first century of anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals by sinks of CO2.

Estimates of the effects of measures to enhance CO2 removals by sinks were provided by five Parties (ICE, IRE, NZL, SLO, USA).

Financial investment flows procedures for estimating current and future investment flows likely to affect GHG emissions and removals by sinks

Roughly half of the reporting Parties also identified measures to limit emissions and enhance removals by sinks in the LUCF sector.

The baseline net greenhouse gas removals by sinks for a proposed afforestation or reforestation project under the CDM shall be established

Roughly half of the reporting Parties also identified measures to limit emissions and enhance removals by sinks in the LUCF sector.

In Slovakia, emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) in 1990 were estimated at 58,278 Gg, and removals by sinks at 4,451 Gg.

The Executive Board shall consider ways to simplify the information requirements needed to determine that one or more carbon pools and or greenhouse gas emissions can be excluded from the estimation of the baseline net greenhouse gas removals by sinks and or the actual net greenhouse gas removals by sinks.

22. The instrument shall cover equally all greenhouse gases, their emissions by sources and removals by sinks, and all relevant sectors. (Venezuela et al)

Issuance of tCERs for the net anthropogenic greenhouse gas removals by sinks achieved by the project activity since the project start date in accordance with paragraphs 41 44 below Issuance of lCERs for the net anthropogenic greenhouse gas removals by sinks achieved by the project activity during each verification period, in accordance with paragraphs 45 50 below.

Land use change and forestry More than two thirds of the Parties identified measures relating to the enhancement of removals of GHGs by sinks.

Projecting national GHG emissions methods to estimate future GHG emissions or removals by sinks, for example, extrapolation, expert judgement, linear programmes and macroeconomic models

Guidelines for national systems for the estimation of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions by sources and removals by sinks under Article 5, paragraph 1, of the Kyoto Protocol

The collection and archiving of all relevant data necessary for estimating or measuring the actual net greenhouse gas removals by sinks during the crediting period.

4. Quantitative data related to inventories and projections of greenhouse gas emissions and removals should be presented on a gas by gas basis in units of mass (Gg) with emissions by sources listed separately from removals by sinks, except in cases where it is technically impossible to separate information on sources and sinks in the area of land use change and forestry.

National systems should be designed and operated to support compliance with Kyoto Protocol commitments related to the estimation of anthropogenic GHG emissions by sources and removals by sinks.

This is subject to the provision of transparent and verifiable information that the choice will not increase the expected net anthropogenic greenhouse gas removals by sinks.

Parties included in Annex I to the Convention, in a comprehensive manner, covering all greenhouse gases, their emissions by sources and removals by sinks and all relevant sectors, shall

(b) A specific estimate of the effects that these policies, programmes and measures will have on anthropogenic emissions by its sources and removals by its sinks of greenhouse gases.

Reaffirming that anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals by sinks of greenhouse gases not controlled by the Montreal Protocol should be reported in a transparent, consistent, comparable, complete and accurate way,

(b) National inventory data on emissions by sources and removals by sinks on an annual basis, by 15 April of each year, following the principles contained in decision 3 CP.1

Inventories 11. Article 12.1(a) requires that communications include a national inventory of anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals by sinks of all greenhouse gases not controlled by the Montreal Protocol.

The monitoring plan shall specify techniques and methods for sampling and measuring individual carbon pools and greenhouse gas emissions by sources included in the actual net greenhouse gas removals by sinks, that reflect commonly accepted principles and criteria concerning forest inventory The collection and archiving of all relevant data necessary for determining the baseline net greenhouse gas removals by sinks during the crediting period.

This document contains information on measures contributing to addressing climate change with a focus on ways to abate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and enhance removals by sinks.

In the case of afforestation and reforestation project activities under the CDM, a designated operational entity shall verify and certify net anthropogenic greenhouse gas removals by sinks.

Criteria for cases of failure to submit information relating to estimates of greenhouse gas emissions by sources and removals by sinks from activities under Article 3, paragraphs 3 and 4,

shall have in place by the first year of its first budget period a national system for the accurate measurement of anthropogenic emissions by sources, and removals by sinks, of greenhouse gases.

If a small scale afforestation or reforestation project activity under the CDM results in net anthropogenic greenhouse gas removals by sinks greater than 8 kilotonnes of CO2 per year, the excess removals will not be eligible for the issuance of tCERs or lCERs.

Information should also be provided which indicates whether or not anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions by sources and removals by sinks from land use, land use change and forestry activities under Article 3, paragraph 3, and elected activities under Article 3, paragraph 4, factor out removals from

Recognizing that anthropogenic emissions and removals by sinks of all greenhouse gases should be reported in a complete, transparent and comparable way that avoids double counting or incomplete counting,

Inventories of anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals by sinks of greenhouse gases In accordance with Article 4, paragraph 1 (a), and Article 12, paragraph 1 (a), of the Convention, Parties provided information on their national inventory of anthropogenic emissions by sources and removal by sinks of GHGs not controlled by the Montreal Protocol.

Criteria for cases of failure to submit information relating to estimates of greenhouse gas emissions by sources and removals by sinks from activities under Article 3, paragraphs 3 and 4, of the Kyoto Protocol

Consistent with paragraph 18 of these reporting guidelines, each Annex I Party shall communicate a national inventory of anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals by sinks of all greenhouse gases not controlled by the Montreal Protocol.

(e) Programmes containing measures the Party believes contribute to addressing climate change and its adverse impacts, including the abatement of increase in greenhouse gas emissions and enhancement of removals by sinks.