The initial value of trade surplus in September was 9.7 billion, higher than 6.9 billion in August.

But we can also celebrate and support and reward the people trying to use cognitive surplus to create civic value.

Saudi Arabia also has a bilateral and multilateral surplus Americans want its oil, and Saudis want fewer US products. Even in absolute value, Saudi Arabia s multilateral merchandise surplus of 212 billion in 2008 dwarfs China s 175 billion surplus as a percentage of GDP, Saudi Arabia s current account surplus, at 11.5 of GDP, is more than twice that of China.

For more conventional value chains, the surplus tends to go to the inputs that have greater market power. Business schools teach their students to capture the maximum surplus in the value chain by focusing on inputs that are difficult for others to provide while ensuring that other inputs are commoditized and hence cannot capture more than their opportunity cost.

(h) Surplus

Surplus extraction.

Deficit (surplus)

Cumulative surplus

Share of surplus

Difference (surplus deficit)

China s Shrinking Trade Surplus

Provided from surplus stock

Provided from surplus stock

Provided through surplus stock

Surplus (deficit) for period

Unallocated surplus (statement XXI)

Valuation results surplus (deficit)

(iii) deems it appropriate to transfer surplus property from one office or programme for use in another and determines the fair market value at which the transfer(s) shall be effected

I call it cognitive surplus.

(p) Surplus due to Member States

That's the second half of cognitive surplus.

Both of these rely on cognitive surplus.

(b) Surplus deficit position of the fund

3. Operating surplus (1 2) Annex III

e To be provided through surplus stock.

Total cumulative surplus 89 646 (14 983)

For example, the sale of surplus United Nations property (of no further use to the Organization) during the liquidation of the United Nations Peace Forces (UNPF) only generated recoveries of 8 per cent of inventory value.

All value is perceived value.

With respect to the assets sold at auction, the sale value of 1,693,400 represents the proceeds from the auction of non expendable equipment. In addition, there was income of 88,050 from the auction of surplus expendable supplies.

Cognitive surplus is made up of two things.

Europe almost doubled its surplus in 2000 2003.

Any surplus would be classified as miscellaneous income.

Replacement items to be provided through surplus stock.

Surplus (Deficit) EPA PIP Headquarters relocation to Gaza

Total authorized retained surplus 78 348 78 348

Net authorized retained surplus 68 356 68 356

For 1997, a surplus of 45 tonnes in morphine equivalent is expected, whereas for 1998 the projected surplus will be about 32 tonnes.

Surplus arms are those weapons deemed to be surplus to the legitimate defence requirements of the State as defined by the peace accord

China, meanwhile, with foreign reserves worth half its total output, denies with a straight face that it is deliberately manipulating the value of the renminbi. So its trade surplus continues to soar at the expense of other countries.

7. The current budget surplus for 1997 is estimated at 42 million, a 60 per cent increase from the 26.2 million surplus in 1996.

Clay Shirky How cognitive surplus will change the world

Cumulative surplus fund balance as at 31 December 1995

Cumulative surplus fund balance as at 31 December 1995

Cumulative surplus fund balance as at 31 December 1995

97 21. UNOPS Risk management, reserves and surplus income