Sanitation

(b) Sanitation

C. Sanitation

One example is sanitation.

Water and sanitation services

9.1 Water and sanitation

Liveable housing and sanitation.

Two billion people without sanitation.

E. Utilities, water and sanitation

12.8.2 Sanitation and drinking water

Access to sanitation services for the poor could also be expanded through dedicated comprehensive programmes, such as total sanitation campaigns .

61 192. International Year of Sanitation, 2008

The importance of water, sanitation and hygiene

Infrastructure, sanitation and environment in rural areas

While UNICEF continues to be involved in institutional sanitation (primarily in schools and in health centres) and may support communal sanitation alternatives (mainly in emergencies), its focus will continue to be on safe and affordable sanitation in households.

By 2015, Senegal aims to implement rural sanitation programmes and to make adequate sanitation available to about 80 per cent of the population.

A holistic approach to sanitation could include measures for changing attitude and behaviour as a complement to investments in sanitation facilities and infrastructure.

The UN Habitat Water and Sanitation Trust Fund was launched in 2004, to promote Millennium Development Goal 7, target 10, on water and sanitation.

The latter also recognizes the importance of sanitation.

(i) Support to water supply and sanitation services

Monitoring target 10, relating to water and sanitation

E. Interlinkages among water, sanitation and human settlements

The Dakar Roadmap resulting from the First Global Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Forum offers another useful model for developing countries to meet the sanitation goals.

UNICEF is further supporting the water and environmental sanitation project to improve capacity of key Government staff to promote hygiene behaviours and education, and sanitation.

UNICEF water, sanitation and hygiene strategies for 2006 2015

Greater investment and coordination in water and sanitation projects.

Wider though still limited access to improved sanitation services.

Responding to sanitation needs in urban and rural areas

12.8 Housing, sanitation, electricity, drinking water, transport and communications

Treating sanitation as both a right and a civic responsibility is an approach that can help to shape both individual behaviour and community action for improving sanitation.

This could involve a combination of targeting the sanitation needs of the poor and increasing support for hygiene education, which can leverage domestic sanitation demand and investment.

These priorities include water scarcity and pollution sanitation, safe drinking water and health gender mainstreaming in water and sanitation and integrated water resources management and disaster reduction.

Strategies for conveying key sanitation and hygiene messages, for example, about hand washing, and for promoting sanitation solutions have proven effective when they are culturally and gender sensitive.

1. Decides to declare 2008 the International Year of Sanitation

In sub Saharan Africa, sanitation coverage increased by only 4 per cent between 1990 and 2002, and in nine countries, rural sanitation coverage is less than 10 per cent.

2 See Water For Life Israeli Assault on Palestinian Water, Sanitation and Hygiene During the Intifada, Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Monitoring Project of the Palestinian Hydrology Group, May 2004.

These priorities include water scarcity and pollution sanitation, safe drinking water and health gender mainstreaming in water and sanitation integrated water resources management transboundary water issues and disaster reduction.

The question of an institutional home for sanitation is an international as well as national issue, as sanitation does not have a strong champion within the international institutional architecture.

Water and sanitation facilities and services for refugees Iran seeks compensation in the amount of USD 1,642,109 for expenses incurred in expanding and improving water and sanitation facilities and services at existing refugee camps and in constructing water and sanitation facilities and providing related services at new camps.

In view of women's role in household sanitation and hygiene, awareness raising campaigns can be effective when targeted to this audience, mobilizing women to spread the sanitation and hygiene message.

Focusing on sanitation, water quality and hygiene at the household level

Rural sanitation could also be improved through strengthening health extension services.

Was there information on access to safe water supply and sanitation?

Within the primary partnership with national governments, UNICEF will collaborate closely with agencies that include including the World Bank, the Water and Sanitation Program, the Regional Development Banks, WHO, the International Water and Sanitation Centre, the London School for Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, and the Water Supply and Sanitation Collaborative Council.

The themes of the discussion on sanitation focused on providing access to adequate sanitation in urban and rural areas managing wastewater and strengthening monitoring systems and capacity and financing requirements for meeting the sanitation targets set out in the Johannesburg Plan of Implementation adopted at the World Summit on Sustainable Development.