While the Labour Law stimulates flexible adjustments in the labour market, strict collective contracts continue to be rigorous and disable job creation.

The National Collective Labour Agreement of the years 2002 2003 has established the following

In the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, according to the Labour Law provisions, the lowest salary is determined by collective contracts and labour regulations.

Section 24 of the Act respecting income security provided that programs such as STM would not be subject to the requirements of the Act respecting labour standards, the Labour Code and collective agreements.

According to the Labour Law, article 68, salaries of employees are defined by collective contract, labour regulations and work contracts as such, each salary is unique for a position, held by either men or women.

The National Collective Labour Agreements of the years 2002 2004 have improved the existing legislation concerning private sector employees, as far as labour relations equality, parental leaves, paternal leaves and other issues related to gender are concerned.

Rights to breaks (daily, weekly, annual), number of work hours and paid leave during State holidays are regulated by labour legislation and collective contracts.

Civilians living in counter insurgency areas who are unable to carry out their forced labour duties are particularly vulnerable to reprisals and collective punishment.

The National Collective Labour Agreements of the years 2002 2004 have improved the existing legislation for employees in the private sector, as regards equality in labour relations, parental leaves, paternity leaves and other matters related to gender issues.

As a notable contrast to the positive elements of new labour legislation in both Entities stand collective contracts, which remain largely oriented to strict prescription and control, thus imposing on the labour market many regulations from the previous period.

These principles and rights include freedom of association and the effective recognition of the right to collective bargaining, the elimination of forced or compulsory labour, the abolition of child labour and the elimination of discrimination in employment and occupation.

If an employer is not able to secure reassignment, women have the right to a leave with compensation, pursuant to their collective contract and labour rules.

Despite the agreed levels, the international financial organizations have a limiting influence on collective bargaining, and thereby the lowest labour price is the basis for salary calculations.

The Committee welcomes the promulgation by the State Council of Rules on Supervision of Labour Security and its amended Regulations on Collective Contracts and Regulations on Minimum Wages.

Collective strategies, collective institutions and collective action are indispensable.

In the private sector, where such differences sometimes existed, they were usually to be found in the smaller companies that were not subject to labour legislation and collective bargaining.

Collective strategies, collective institutions and collective action are indispensable . (Ibid., para.

Convention No. 100  Application of the principle by means of collective agreements. In a direct request of 2004, with reference to the use of gender stereotypes in the appraisal of posts listed in collective agreements, the Committee noted the Government's statement that once the revision of the Labour Code was concluded the social partners would most likely undertake steps to renegotiate the existing collective agreements.

This evaluation showed, among other things, that part time employees are now no longer partly or wholly excluded from the coverage of collective labour agreements as they often were in the past.

The employer bound by a collective contract has to determine in its labour rules, developed in coordination with the union, the lowest salary, which cannot be lower than the lowest salary determined by the branch union.

In 2004 an investigation was carried out into the extent to which complaints procedures for individual employees are incorporated into Collective Labour Agreements (CAOs), what the nature of these procedures is and what procedures complainants must follow.

Our heritage is much more than our collective memory it's our collective treasure.

Under the laws in effect on work and employment, the general collective contract, as well as sectoral collective contracts, men and women have equal opportunities in access to employment and training, equal working conditions and labour protection, equal salary for the same job and all other rights that are not necessarily determined for women (like maternity protection, maternity leave, etc.).

The Committee noted that under section 41(2) of the Labour Proclamation wages shall be determined by the contracting parties, but that they may not be less than the minimum wages fixed by a collective agreement in an undertaking.

Collective Branch Agreements

Salaries in Bosnia and Herzegovina are regulated by a general collective contract and branch collective contracts.

Peace and collective security

Collective responsibility means irresponsibility.

Collective responsibility means irresponsibility.

Collective Security Treaty Organization

A truly collective security.

Application through collective agreements.

Peace and collective security

Peace and collective security

Peace and collective security

Laws 2639 98 and 2874 2000 Regulations regarding terms of exemption from Collective Labour Agreements (Territorial Employment Pacts) Promotion of part time employment and restrictions regarding working overtime Establishment of informal forms of employment (more specifically, temporary agency work by law 2956 2001).

Child labour

Labour employment

Child labour

Labour laws do not yet provide cover to the entire Pakistani labour force.

Promoting women's equal access to labour markets, sustainable employment, and adequate labour protections

III. Peace and collective security

Collective security is not enough.

A vision of collective security

They destabilize our collective security.