One linear, one cyclical.

That's a cyclical process.

In addition, studies confirm that whereas remittances have been positively correlated to growth in host countries, they tend to be counter cyclical in nature, as emigrants tend to send more money in times of economic downturn in their homelands.

In other cultures, time is cyclical.

Capital buffers to absorb losses during the downturn of the cycle can be more easily built during the upswing. Furthermore, by raising regulatory capital costs in boom times, some counterweight to the pro cyclical bias intrinsic to financial systems would be introduced.

And there is a slight downturn.

Keynes demonstrated that the main cause of bouts of heavy and prolonged unemployment was not worker encroachment on profits, but the fluctuating prospects of private investment in an uncertain world. Nearly all unemployment in a cyclical downturn was the result of the failure of investment demand.

The design of counter cyclical financial regulation was seen as another possible way to compensate for the pro cyclical nature of private financial markets.

Capital flows and commercial bank lending had been cyclical.

Unfortunately, current policy is justified in terms of pro market effectively pro cyclical choices. But it is counter cyclical efforts, institutions, and instruments that are sorely needed instead.

Now you see this slight downturn at very advanced ages.

The global steel market has historically been marked by cyclical fluctuations.

By 2008, they were in a strong enough position to respond to the financial crisis by allowing larger budget deficits and thus mitigating the downturn in 2009. Chile was the star reformer, but other countries including Botswana, China, Costa Rica, Malaysia, the Philippines, and South Korea also avoided pro cyclical fiscal policies.

This consolidation could help the industry to weather cyclical downturns more effectively.

Cyclical and transitory factors have been important in the recent economic upturn.

As the United States is restoring full employment, the economic downturn is inevitable.

The downturn in national production is reflected in most sectors of the economy.

However, these flows tend to be more volatile than official flows and pro cyclical.

Despite the downturn, building industry continues to be a major employer in the Territory.

It would fall into arrears once again if there was a downturn in special projects.

All countries should attack the cause of that downturn in a spirit of global cooperation.

Borrowing in domestic currency avoids the risks associated with currency mismatches and pro cyclical foreign capital flows.

None of these risks implies that the monetary union will inevitably be a victim of this severe economic downturn. But the downturn will be a more severe test for the euro than any that it faced during its first ten years.

You see, this is what India is today. The ground reality is based on a cyclical world view.

Today, as over the past few weeks, Côte d'Ivoire is witnessing one of the cyclical periods of anxiety.

Measures can be designed to reinforce financial institutions' capital during cyclical upswings to provide increased protection in downturns.

It leads us to question whether we are now being confronted by cyclical change or by climate change.

The company said additional cuts would give the company the room needed to move through the market downturn.

In a letter to the officials negotiating the formal agreement, Jorg Asmussen, the German member of the European Central Bank s Executive Council, stressed that a balanced budget meant just that. Even if a country ran budget deficit because a cyclical downturn caused a fall in tax revenue and an increase in social transfers, it should be required to raise taxes or cut spending to restore a balanced budget.

Assessing national policies highlights the importance of appropriate counter cyclical macroeconomic management as a central criterion of international policy coherence.

Like many other countries of the Pacific basin, Peru was subject to a cyclical natural phenomenon known as El Niño.

That very human lesson, more than 20 years ago, served me well during the last economic downturn we had.

Achieving this goal will be no small feat. China s economy is caught in the crossfire of structural and cyclical nbsp headwinds.

They noted the cyclical regularity of such occurrences and speculated that it represented a gap in communications between generations of engineers.

They noted the cyclical regularity of such occurrences and speculated that it represented a gap in communications between generations of engineers.

The brute force of massive monetary and fiscal stimulus rings hollow as a cyclical remedy to this problem. Another approach is needed.

If this option is enabled, the search will follow symlinks to directories. This can lead to infinite recursion if cyclical symlinks exist.

Capital account regulations can provide space for more active counter cyclical policies to smooth spending and improve external debt profiles of developing countries.

The use of longer maturity fixed rate instruments could help prevent pro cyclical effects caused by the Government's interest payments and funding requirements.

In that connection, the current downturn in the percentage of GNP allocated to official development assistance was a continuing cause for concern.

Upgrading their activities has helped them not only grow faster but also better manage the cyclical nature of the automotive industry and survive recessions.

The tendency of financial markets to behave in a pro cyclical manner would often severely limit the options for developing countries in this regard.

In the last three years, I've traveled to 45 different countries, working with schools and companies in the midst of an economic downturn.

During 2002 2003, forms of state support were affected by a series of budget cutbacks leading to a downturn in the nation's economy.

However, the downturn in the sector is mainly attributable to a fall in the number of Japanese tourists, the mainstay of the industry.