B. Demand management measures

With favourable external conditions in 2004, economic policy in the region focused on demand management and on development with weaker financial constraints.

52. Pricing and economic incentives, as policy instruments for demand management, have been gaining gradual acceptance in developed countries in recent years.

B. Demand management measures 49 52 13

III. BALANCING SUPPLY AND DEMAND THE MANAGEMENT CHALLENGE

Executive management and policy

Policy issues Chemicals management

A security management policy

Policy issues chemicals management

Although the role of monetary policy in demand management is limited when a national currency is pegged to a currency such as the dollar, its indirect effect of creating healthy domestic demand could be observed in 2004.

Executive management and policy (EDM)

Executive management and policy 5 6 4

Section 9 Development Policy and Management Division

The new structure of the Department of Management would include a Management Policy Office headed by a Director at the D 2 level, which would provide policy advice and support the work of the Management Policy Committee.

(b) To develop reports for senior management, including the Management Policy Committee, and legislative bodies on management reform

The policy document gives municipalities a management role.

The components of the Plan are strategic global policy Operations Management System (OMS) operations (policy management) protection support operational support financial services human resources management information and communications systems training internal oversight internal communications and record management and other management issues.

In the past two years some significant policy instruments have been introduced, such as the Governmental Water Resource Policy (2004), the National Policy for Integral Solid Waste Management (2004), the National Environmental Education Policy (2004), the National Fire Management Policy (2005) and the Soil Conservation Policy (ongoing).

Interregional advisory services for policy development in demand reduction were provided for the production of a draft declaration on the guiding principles on demand reduction.

66. The obstacles encountered in developing collective bargaining in Guatemala demand an appropriate Government policy.

Policymakers initially resorted to government spending and low interest rates to boost demand. As government debt has ballooned and policy interest rates have hit rock bottom, central banks have focused on increasingly innovative policy to boost demand.

Educational policy, management and control of education 507 515 108

C. Environmental management standards as a tool of environmental policy

(a) To provide policy advice and support to the work of the Management Policy Committee, whose role is to ensure that all management reform is carried out

Substantive inputs to local actors range from land administration to demand based water management, participatory planning, urban crime and safety and inclusive urban management.

The Department was also developing a module in Galileo for spare parts management and demand forecasting.

These mechanisms should be at the policy, management and operational levels.

The sectors covered are energy (supply and demand), agriculture, land use change and forestry, and waste management.

Economic instruments that include demand management measures could play an important role in promoting efficient water use.

The Department had also established an extensive training programme on modern spare parts management and demand forecasting.

(i) Increased support as well as private concertation of demand side management initiatives in markets, where applicable.

In principle, the answer is straightforward. If a central bank has two policy targets, then it needs two instruments monetary policy to influence aggregate demand, and regulatory policy to limit financial risks.

The enablers are leadership, people management, policy and strategy, resources and processes.

C. Environmental management standards as a tool 21 24 of environmental policy

In view of the insufficient balance sheet corrections in the private sector and inadequate structural reforms, macroeconomic demand management tools will not work. Despite the ECB s aggressive approach, monetary policy in the absence of structural economic reform risks being ineffective.

Water demand management policies could also be used for reducing the waste water volumes and required investment in sewerage.

For purposes of discussion, they may be broadly divided into (a) supply side approaches and (b) demand management measures.

2. Notes that the Board endorsed the Fund's enterprise wide risk management policy

Preparing integrated water resource management plans and creating an institutional and policy framework

Expenditures in the biennium 2004 2005 for the Executive management and policy 9

(a) Management activities cover the overall policy and planning, organization and audit functions

(a) Countries should be encouraged to adopt integrated water resource management, including demand management, develop renewable and non conventional resources, and involve stakeholders in planning and implementing water policies

The revised headquarters structure will focus on strategic management and overall policy setting business development programme and knowledge management and operations support.

12. The experience resulted in the drafting of a framework policy on waste management which was presented in a White Paper on Environmental Management Policy, published in the Official Gazette of 28 July 1997.

As a result, joint activities have been undertaken in the fields of demand reduction, law enforcement and policy formulation.