Economically, Japan enjoys a strong production capacity, but its domestic market is relatively limited. In particular, the domestic demand is relatively weak in the context of aging population.

Domestic demand led growth will be a more reliable strategy than export led growth. That means that countries with a large domestic market and a prosperous middle class will have an important advantage.

As the main driver of Chinese growth shifts from external to domestic demand, who could benefit more than Japanese exporters? China is already Japan s largest export market, leaving it ideally situated to capture additional market share in the coming surge of Chinese demand for consumer products and services.

Apart from domestic clients, there is some percent of foreigners (employees of numerous international governmental and non governmental organizations) who are creating demand on the sex market.

And this isn't even the domestic car market this is the taxi market.

Internationalization through OFDI helped the firm to improve competitiveness, to cope with fluctuations in demand in domestic market, to build a brand, to accelerate growth and to benefit from economies of scale.

Other contributory factors were high domestic liquidity and low, albeit gently rising, interest rates, which enhanced domestic demand expansion.

Second, the Chinese production mix does not correspond to domestic demand, and investment in long products has outpaced demand growth.

First, Kicillof attributed Argentina s rapid economic growth in the years between its 2001 debt default and the 2008 global financial crisis to a Keynesian reflation of domestic aggregate demand. Keynes made a tremendous intellectual contribution in showing that supply in a market economy does not necessarily create its own demand, and that demand shortfalls can cause avoidable recessions.

However, the rapid expansion in domestic demand resulted in remarkable trade deficits.

If both of those plants go from the market that's a significant reduction in demand in the electricity market.

Ethiopia's domestic market is about one billion dollars of value.

The standard way to buffer the effects of austerity is to marry domestic cuts to devaluation of the currency. Devaluation renders exports more competitive, thus substituting external demand for the domestic demand that is being compressed.

To enhance domestic demand, Asia, including China, must reallocate resources and structurally transform the economy. Reinforcing social safety nets, broadening and deepening financial markets, and supporting small and medium size enterprises would also strengthen domestic demand.

By contrast, in services, where market size is limited by domestic demand, continued success requires complementary and simultaneous gains in productivity in the rest of the economy. Focusing on a few sectors yields no quick winning opportunities.

Non EurepGAP compliant suppliers therefore even risk losing domestic market shares.

Expansion in domestic demand resulted in an increase of 22 per cent in imports.

The absence of regulation in the market can be perverse, and suggests that domestic monopolistic behaviour in the wholesale segment by domestic companies could be replaced by foreign monopolies controlling the market.

And we intend to use those numbers to create demand pull, and flip the market.

The mismatch between labour market demand and supply is partly a result of educational policies.

It also means getting the balance between domestic and external demand right, and appreciating the sensitivity of medium and long term growth to the composition (and size) of domestic aggregate demand. Against this background, monetary policymakers must be cautious, because low interest rates can shift the growth model back toward leverage and domestic consumer demand, stalling the structural shift to the tradable side that is underway.

The problem is that China has already done a lot to stimulate domestic demand, both through government spending and by directing its banks to lend. As a result, its stock market is frothy, and it is experiencing an alarming property boom.

Accumulating excessive debt usually entails moving some part of domestic aggregate demand forward in time, so the exit from that debt must include more savings and diminished demand. The negative shock adversely impacts the non tradable sector, which is large (roughly two thirds of an advanced economy) and wholly dependent on domestic demand.

The State of Vietnam has taken many measures to create new employment opportunities, such as improving domestic and foreign investment policies and implementing socio economic programs continuing the National Target Program on Hunger Eradication, Poverty Reduction and Employment expanding the labor and expert export market adjusting vocational training programmes in accordance with market demand.

As China satisfied its demand for safe assets, it turned to riskier foreign investments. It began rebalancing its economy from saving to consumption and from exports to domestic demand.

Future disciplines on domestic regulation would help ensure effective market access, including in Mode 4.

The second hand EEE market accounts for a large share of total domestic EEE sales.

Japan remains the world s third largest economy, the fourth largest trader, and the third largest export market for neighboring China and South Korea, which thus stand to benefit if Abenomics revitalizes Japanese domestic demand. More broadly, given Europe s slide into recession and only a slow rise in world trade volume, renewed growth and stronger import demand in Japan would support global recovery.

Oil windfalls alone are not necessarily responsible for domestic demand, since oil revenue can migrate into foreign asset accumulation.

In the short run, the non tradable sector is, by definition, subject to domestic demand constraints. A shortfall in non tradable demand inevitably limits growth on that side of the economy.

For the energy sector, the common variables used to develop scenarios were population growth, demand, and gross domestic product (GDP).

In the large scale retailing segment, domestic companies still dominate the market the three largest retailers are national firms controlling almost 60 per cent of the market.

Accounting for 60 of total tourists in domestic tourism, with market size expected to exceed RMB1 trillion

Japan plans to accelerate labor market reforms, strengthen competition, and advance fiscal consolidation to sustain domestic confidence.

The growth in domestic investments would not only enhance national wealth, but would also spur the demand for foreign capital and technology in an escalating, mutually reinforcing manner that makes investments demand driven.

Demand for gold jewelry in India and China soared. Emerging market central banks diversified out of dollars and into gold.

Given weak growth in external demand and an already large market share for many goods, China cannot count on export growth to sustain economic performance in the short run. And, though support for infrastructure investment by China s trading partners especially through the one belt, one road policy may help to strengthen external markets in the longer term, this is no substitute for domestic aggregate demand.

It is a challenge for oil exporters among the ESCWA member countries to combine sustainable domestic demand creation with economic diversification.

While the government has assembled considerable firepower to limit the unwinding of a spectacular bubble, the overhang of highly leveraged speculative demand is disconcerting. Indeed, in the 12 months ending in June, margin financing of stock purchases nearly tripled as a share of tradable domestic equity market capitalization.

Second, emerging countries must develop more effective macroeconomic frameworks, including better macro prudential regulation and a broader monetary policy framework that takes into account asset prices and financial market stability. A wide range of official measures could be employed to support domestic demand while protecting medium term fiscal sustainability.

Likewise, if the reform outline s promise of a decisive role for the market ends up raising wages for poor Chinese, domestic demand might increase, but China will lose its main competitive advantage in international markets. This kind of dilemma has contributed to the fall of other developing country dictatorships.

Most small island developing States specialize in a narrow range of products and have a limited domestic market.

However, domestic capital market development requires wide ranging reform and achieving coherence between the policies is not easy.

In contrast to industrial logging, pit sawing (processing logs using chainsaws) is increasing as the domestic market grows.

But the fall in housing prices is unlikely to turn into a rout, because real demand for houses will remain strong after speculative demand is driven from the market. As soon as housing prices fall to an affordable level, buyers will enter the market and set a floor under the decline.