These factors can make unsustainable practices more profitable than sustainable forest management.

This encourages unsustainable practices, hampers financing for sustainable forest management and contributes to deforestation.

The lack of mechanisms to compensate forest owners for environmental and social non market services encourages unsustainable practices, hampers financing for sustainable forest management and contributes to deforestation.

In order to reverse this trend, it will therefore be necessary to increase forest management and reafforestation and to control the most important factors contributing to forest loss (excessive tree felling, unsuitable planting practices and forest fires among others).

(n) Review and, as needed, improve forest related legislation, strengthen forest law enforcement and promote good governance at all levels in order to support sustainable forest management, to create an enabling environment for forest investment and to combat and eradicate illegal practices, in accordance with national legislation, in the forest and other related sectors

One way forward is for forest and agroforestry practices to focus on cultivating medicinal plants to meet these growing demands.

Although decentralization has achieved contradictory outcomes, in many cases it has contributed to improved equity in access to forest resources, the distribution of economic benefits from these resources, and to sustainable forest management practices.

While deforestation and unsustainable management practices can lead to increased water pollution, sustainable forest management in watersheds can help to protect supplies of freshwater.

Forest applications include forest area estimation and mapping, forest monitoring, forest fire assessment and forest management.

(l) Strengthen mechanisms that enhance sharing among countries and the use of best practices in sustainable forest management, including through freeware based information and communications technology

In many countries, customary laws and practices allow women to access land and enable them to engage in and benefit from agricultural, livestock and forest based production.

The forest ecosystem and forest resources

(f) Support the protection and use of traditional forest related knowledge and practices in sustainable forest management with the approval and involvement of the holders of such knowledge, and promote fair and equitable sharing of benefits from their utilization, in accordance with national legislation and relevant international agreements

(y) Enhance access by households, small scale forest owners, forest dependent local and indigenous communities, living in and outside forest areas, to forest resources and relevant markets in order to support livelihoods and income diversification from forest management, consistent with sustainable forest management.

Forest operations and the forest industry provide employment and income to millions of workers and forest dwellers.

Promote genuine community based forest management that empowers forest peoples.

While forest biodiversity continues to decline as a result of deforestation, forest degradation and associated fragmentation of forest habitats, strong efforts are now being made to reverse this trend by restoring the forest functions in degraded forest landscapes.

C. Greater recognition of sustainable forest management and forest products trade

Forest fiscal reform provides opportunities to increase revenues generated from forest resources.

However, they are likely to differ in forest rich and forest poor countries.

Reverse the loss of forest cover worldwide through sustainable forest management, including protection, restoration, afforestation and reforestation, and increase efforts to prevent forest degradation

Sustainable forest management

Forest Research Institute

Asia Forest Partnership.

A forest may consist either of closed forest formations where trees of various storeys and undergrowth cover a high proportion of the ground or open forest.

b Confederation of European Forest Owners, FERN Forest Peoples' Programme, and workers and trade unions.

(j) Strengthen the capacity of countries to address forest related illegal practices, including wildlife poaching, in accordance with domestic legislation, through enhanced public awareness, education, institutional capacity building, technological transfer and technical cooperation, law enforcement and information networks

In complementary development of forest production a multi purposeful interest of sustainable forest development is sought.

One Forest, Two Tigers

Extent of forest resources.

Forest health and vitality.

Financing sustainable forest management

Traditional forest related knowledge

Forest related scientific knowledge

Forest health and productivity

International Forest Policy Forum

Congo Basin Forest Partnership.

Enhance forest based economic, social and environmental benefits, including by improving the livelihoods of forest dependent people

That time the Ituri Forest was created as a forest reserve with some animals and also plants.

(k) Identify and implement measures to enhance cooperation and cross sectoral policy and programme coordination among sectors affecting and affected by forest policies and management, with a view to integrating the forest sector into national decision making processes and promoting sustainable forest management, including by addressing the underlying causes of deforestation and forest degradation, and by promoting forest conservation

On the other hand, illegal forest related activities continue to be a major threat to sustainable forest management.

That is a forest giraffe.

Progress towards sustainable forest management

Productive functions of forest resources.

Protective functions of forest resources.