the independence of the judicial authorities

(h) Fully ensure the independence of the judiciary and include female judicial officials in its judicial system

11. The Commission is concerned about continuing cases of problems relating to access to justice, judicial independence and impartiality, judicial guarantees and presumption of innocence.

(b) To continue to strengthen its efforts at judicial reform, especially to ensure the independence, impartiality, transparency and effectiveness of the judicial system as a whole and to combat corruption and impunity

Recalling that the International Court of Justice is the principal judicial organ of the United Nations, and reaffirming its authority and independence,

Liberians are concerned about the competence and independence of the judicial system, thus undermining the Government's commitment to the rule of law.

Recalling also that the International Court of Justice is the principal judicial organ of the United Nations, and reaffirming its authority and independence,

Recalling further that the International Court of Justice is the principal judicial organ of the United Nations, and reaffirming its authority and independence,

Recalling further that the International Court of Justice is the principal judicial organ of the United Nations, and reaffirming its authority and independence,

Sub Commission on the Promotion and Protection of Human Rights Geneva, 2002 (54th session) Oral statement, Independence of the Judicial Branch (Aug. 5).

Las Naciones Unidas, los derechos del hombre y los principios básicos de la independencia del Poder Judicial, extract from L'indipendenza della giustizia, oggi (Judicial independence, today), liber amicorum in onore di Giovanni E. Longo, Giuffrè, Milan, 1999, pp. 87 115.

In the area of judicial reform, the objectives were to combat impunity, promote the independence of the judiciary, rehabilitate its infrastructure, promote training and disseminate information.

Also calls upon the Government of Nepal to ensure the independence and effectiveness of the judiciary, and therefore urges the Government to safeguard effective judicial remedies, in particular respect of habeas corpus orders, and to comply fully and faithfully with all judicial orders

Also calls upon the Government of Nepal to ensure the independence and effectiveness of the judiciary, and therefore urges the Government to safeguard effective judicial remedies, in particular respect of habeas corpus orders, and to comply fully and faithfully with all judicial orders

Also calls upon the Government of Nepal to ensure the independence and effectiveness of the judiciary, and therefore urges the Government to safeguard effective judicial remedies, in particular respect of habeas corpus orders, and to comply fully and faithfully with all judicial orders

Second, in order to strengthen judicial independence, the resolution includes a call to explore the establishment of judicial jurisdiction systems that are suitably separated from administrative areas. In other words, the courts should be able to make decisions independently of the local governments that finance them.

After the murder of a human rights activist in Bukavu in July, a military commander intervened in the investigation and ordered the release of the suspects, which highlighted the lack of judicial independence.

The significant increase in the number of cases submitted to the Court is an unequivocal and tangible sign of the international community's confidence in and political support for its judicial practice, impartiality and independence.

Judicial corruption influences unduly access to and outcome of judicial decisions.

Judicial Clerks

judicial measures.

Judicial cooperation

Judicial cooperation

Judicial cooperation

Judicial Measures

Judicial experience

France s Judicial Revolution

Over time, these terms of reference were extended to include the analysis of all the factors that could have an impact on the structure and functioning of the judicial system, impairing its independence, and of factors that hinder or prevent access to justice.

The State party recalls that Spain is a State governed by the rule of law that has entered into international commitments relating to human rights, and respect for individual freedoms is ensured, inter alia, by the independence given to the judicial authorities.

1. Bearing in mind the independence of the judiciary and its crucial role in combating corruption, each State Party shall, in accordance with the fundamental principles of its legal system and without prejudice to judicial independence, take measures to strengthen integrity and to prevent opportunities for corruption among members of the judiciary. Such measures may include rules with respect to the conduct of members of the judiciary.

Independence and impartiality of the judiciary, jurors and assessors and the independence of lawyers

Independence and impartiality of the judiciary, jurors and assessors and the independence of lawyers

Independence and impartiality of the judiciary, jurors and assessors and the independence of lawyers

Independence and impartiality of the judiciary, jurors and assessors and the independence of lawyers

International Judicial Cooperation Division

The judicial issues include

Declaration of independence

The mandate of the Independent Judicial Council was consequently terminated, but with many staff members of the Independent Judicial Council transferring to the High Judicial and Prosecutorial Council secretariat.

Progress was slower in the judicial sector, however, in part due to unresolved conflicts between judicial authorities.

Independence and impartiality of the judiciary, jurors and assessors and the independence of lawyers 4

Independence and impartiality of the judiciary, jurors and assessors and the independence of lawyers 129

2005 Independence and impartiality of the judiciary, jurors and assessors and the independence of lawyers

Finally, Ahmed Mekki, the former deputy head of the Court of Cassation, Egypt s highest appeals court, will lead the justice ministry, which is in need of real change. Mekki is a strong proponent of judicial independence, and was dubbed the revolution s representative in Qandil s government.

Turkey s current struggles raise important questions about the appropriate relationship between bureaucrats and elected officials in a pluralist democracy. Answering them will require a debate that transcends issues like the separation of powers and judicial independence and elucidates the appropriate relationship between politics and religion.

Though the challenges to and the corruption in the judiciary noted in the preceding paragraphs can be found in developed societies with long traditions of judicial independence and strong laws, many developing countries and countries in transition seem to have many more basic problems.