B. Demand management measures

B. Demand management measures 49 52 13

III. BALANCING SUPPLY AND DEMAND THE MANAGEMENT CHALLENGE

(i) Increased support as well as private concertation of demand side management initiatives in markets, where applicable.

For purposes of discussion, they may be broadly divided into (a) supply side approaches and (b) demand management measures.

Substantive inputs to local actors range from land administration to demand based water management, participatory planning, urban crime and safety and inclusive urban management.

The Department was also developing a module in Galileo for spare parts management and demand forecasting.

The sectors covered are energy (supply and demand), agriculture, land use change and forestry, and waste management.

Economic instruments that include demand management measures could play an important role in promoting efficient water use.

The Department had also established an extensive training programme on modern spare parts management and demand forecasting.

The emphasis is on enhancing public awareness, improving energy efficiency on the demand side and better management of the transport sector.

Although the role of monetary policy in demand management is limited when a national currency is pegged to a currency such as the dollar, its indirect effect of creating healthy domestic demand could be observed in 2004.

Water demand management policies could also be used for reducing the waste water volumes and required investment in sewerage.

(a) Countries should be encouraged to adopt integrated water resource management, including demand management, develop renewable and non conventional resources, and involve stakeholders in planning and implementing water policies

Three key elements of the demand management strategy can be identified as (a) opinion forming (b) planning and regulations and (c) use of economic instruments.

Economic and financial nationalisms threaten. There is talk of currency wars, national management and regulation of banking, and growing demand for greater levels of trade protection.

(e) To encourage optimal utilization of freshwater resources, enforcement of efficient water pricing and demand management, taking into consideration the social well being of the disadvantaged.

We should aim to limit our management of the Secretariat to giving it broad guidelines, and in return demand transparency, accountability and tougher audits.

(d) Motor traffic management demand side management, in particular to limit the use of private cars in congested areas and to promote a change in mobility patterns, could be envisaged through regulatory and price mechanisms.

With favourable external conditions in 2004, economic policy in the region focused on demand management and on development with weaker financial constraints.

52. Pricing and economic incentives, as policy instruments for demand management, have been gaining gradual acceptance in developed countries in recent years.

Most of these measures relate to crop management, land management and soil and water conservation in agriculture and food security supply side and demand side management of water resources conservation and management of forests and other terrestrial ecosystems land use planning and zoning and integrated coastal zone management and improvements in living standards, surveillance, monitoring and early warning systems for outbreaks of disease vectors that threaten human health.

Integrated water resources management plans could provide a broad framework to encompass not only water supply and waste water treatment, but also the development of other options, such as demand side management and waste water recycling and reuse.

As a result, the demand for training in international management practices has emerged, and a relatively young cadre of managers ages thirties and forties has been appointed.

During the review, government officials stated that the introduction of demand side management measures and integrated resource planning are under discussion in connection with future energy policies.

This, in turn, is likely to increase the demand for the services of the organizations of the United Nations system, in particular for national capacity building in development management.

In addition, globalization made possible a rapid diffusion of ideas and practices, enabling citizens everywhere to demand higher standards of integrity, transparency and accountability in the management of public affairs.

UNOPS experienced growing demand for its services, particularly for project management services supporting large scale, complex programme activities in post conflict and transitional situations.

There had also been a great deal of feedback from Member States with respect to evaluation methodologies, indicators, results based management, guidelines and the demand driven orientation of UNIDO activities.

The guidelines set out a management framework that includes impact assessment and impact management, and the need for a planned approach to tourism that balances the goals and requirements of conservation with the demand for tourism, for example through zoning and other measures.

Reduction of illicit drug demand

The Demand Reduction Index provides a visual representation of changes in the different areas of demand reduction.

The system's innovative capability has enabled the Office of Human Resources Management to expand the pool of reports and meet the growing demand for data reports, both in terms of number and type.

The agreement reached in Brussels forecloses any possibility of Keynesian demand management to fight recession. Structural budget deficits would be limited to 0.5 of GDP, with (as yet undisclosed) penalties for violators.

There had been a dramatic and welcome growth in regional peacekeeping which reflected the global demand for peacekeeping and testified to the commitment of Member States to the multilateral management of peace.

Water resources The detailed description of water resources by all of the Parties reflected their emphasis on water management, including supply and demand, as a key area for adaptation in the future.

Moving from supply driven approaches to demand management, in order to reduce unnecessary consumption and pressures on government capital budgets, is another option that has proven successful.

With the growing demand for resources, due, for example, to increasing population pressure, it was necessary to improve methods for resource management without adversely affecting the environment.

Analysis of market demand and supply

V. PRESENTATION OF DEMAND AND PAYMENT

B. Examination of demand and payment

What dost thou demand of me?

These efforts, started with the introduction of the Optical Disk System (ODS) and e mail, will be continued with the Internet, the implementation of document management systems and the introduction of printing on demand technologies.

Energy demand

Demand reduction