First, we must accept that austerity measures, necessary to avoid a fiscal train wreck, have recessionary effects on output. So, if countries in the eurozone s periphery are forced to undertake fiscal austerity, countries able to provide short term stimulus should do so and postpone their own austerity efforts.

After Austerity

Europe s Austerity Zombies

The Austerity Pandemic

Clarity about Austerity

Misconceiving British Austerity

Austerity and Demoralization

End Austerity Now

101. Austerity measures.

The Greek Austerity Myth

Asia s Take on Austerity

Austerity and Debt Realism

Europe s Irrelevant Austerity Debate

87. 1997 austerity measures.

A Green Alternative to Austerity?

Fiscal Austerity Versus European Society

Austerity Is Not Greece s Problem

Austerity and the Modern Banker

Austerity Politics, Then and Now

Does Austerity Promote Economic Growth?

Learning About Growth from Austerity

Ireland and the Austerity Debate

91. Impact of austerity measures.

37. Impact of austerity measures.

51. Impact of austerity measures.

Austerity Is the Only Deal Breaker

A. Austerity is not the answer

Greece and the Limits of Anti Austerity

105. Austerity and cost reduction measures in 1998.

If you think austerity will solve everything, you're wrong.

11. Five years of austerity measures had taken their toll.

In that context, UNRWA had no alternative but to introduce an additional round of austerity and cost reduction measures, which represented a direct reduction in services, despite assiduous efforts to avert such an outcome.

Outside the eurozone, even the United Kingdom is struggling to restore growth, owing to the damage caused by front loaded fiscal consolidation efforts, while anti austerity sentiment is also mounting in Bulgaria, Romania, and Hungary.

On all fronts, there has not been much progress. There is certainly plenty of frustration about the implementation of austerity, and no real indication of the long term sustainability of reform efforts in southern Europe.

The February 1997 austerity measures reduced 1997 allocations in many of the same budget lines in which the June 1996 austerity measures had reduced 1996 allocations, but were even more extensive.

On this foundation of zombie economics and slipshod research rests the case for austerity. In fact, the austerity boosters in the UK and Europe frequently cited the Alesina and Reinhart Rogoff findings.

Three points should be borne in mind in the light of that austerity.

a The decrease is the result of austerity measures introduced in August 1997.

That, after all, is the point of Europe s straightjacket of austerity, which hampers its growth prospects, and thus makes little sense in economic terms. The ultimate aim of austerity is precisely the restoration of trust among northern Europeans that the money transferred to troubled economies will not be squandered, and among the peoples affected by painful spending cuts that their efforts are recognized and supported.

Many inside and outside of Germany declare that both austerity and more growth are needed, and that more emphasis on growth does not mean any decrease in austerity. The drama of the ongoing eurozone crisis has focused attention on Europe, but how the austerity growth debate plays out there is more broadly relevant, including for the United States.

For now, the periphery countries calculate that the eventual benefits to be gained from remaining within the eurozone will outweigh the current pain of austerity. For its part, Germany exacts austerity as the price of its participation in the single currency.

NEW YORK Too many politicians and economists blame austerity urged by Greece s creditors for the collapse of the Greek economy. But the data show neither marked austerity by historical standards nor government cutbacks severe enough to explain the huge job losses.

The Agency faced many hurdles, not least among them the austerity measures introduced in the mid 1990s.

The decrease in 1997 in the number of university scholarships was a result of the austerity measures.

Indeed, despite significant variations by country, one trend is becoming increasingly apparent across the EU voters, regardless of their political orientation, are ejecting at the first opportunity leaders who implement austerity. But, beyond this overwhelming opposition to austerity, countries experiences vary widely.