Direct procurement of drugs by the recipient countries is also possible through IAPSO's e commerce platform.

UNDP currently encourages procurement from those countries by decentralizing procurement operations to its field offices, especially for in country and in region procurement supportive of direct execution and national execution modalities implemented mostly through these offices.

A literal application of the principle of lowest acceptable bid would mean that preference should be given to direct procurement from manufacturers where this latter option proves less costly than local procurement.

While the application of ICT systems to the procurement process should certainly bring multiple benefits as summarized above, the organizations also have a mandate to strengthen public procurement capacities in the recipient countries so as to enable them to perform direct procurement operations.

Beyond its direct financial contribution, UNICEF also provided procurement services for immunization and worked with such mechanisms as the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization (GAVI).

The growing need to provide technical support to public procurement institutions in the recipient countries in order to enable them to perform direct local and international procurement and use scarce public funds efficiently is partly linked to the fact that transparency in government procurement is now on the Doha Development Agenda of the Fourth World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference, as one of the so called Singapore issues .

In general, however, with the exception of IAPSO, e procurement is still at the initial stage of development in the vast majority of the organizations, although ILO reports that it has commenced implementation of an Enterprise Resource Planning platform, including an ILO oriented procurement module, with direct e commerce ordering facilities.

In 2002, procurement for Governments as direct clients was performed mostly by ITU (89 per cent of total) ICAO (85 per cent) UNICEF (32 per cent) IAPSO (8 per cent) and UNFPA (6 per cent).

Procurement

Procurement

Procurement

In response to paragraph 48, UNRWA states that every procurement contract with suppliers contains a clause requiring them to attest that no official of the Agency received any direct or indirect benefit arising from that particular contract.

At UNDP, procurement staff also receives training on legal aspects of procurement.

Procurement management

Government procurement

Procurement planning

Procurement reform

Procurement report

Procurement opportunities

Purchases from local dealers, while advantageous in terms of much shorter delivery schedules particularly important in emergency situations may prove more costly than direct procurement from manufacturers, which generally offer price volume discounts to organizations of the system.

Thirdly, it should considerably facilitate procurement reform and the pooling of procurement services.

The Procurement Services should investigate ways in which the procurement plan can be enhanced as a tool in the management of the entire procurement process.

UNDP Inter Agency Procurement Services Office (IAPSO) already has an advanced e procurement platform.

UNDP supports such a procurement policy and has incorporated it into the Procurement Manual.

The Procurement Goldmine

Public sector procurement

Overview of procurement

C. Procurement workshops

E. Procurement guidelines

Procurement and contracting

Procurement training initiative

Common procurement services

Electronic procurement methods

About 20 per cent of such procurement is performed by field based peacekeeping procurement units.

Unlike WFP where a separate food procurement unit and manual would seem justified by the highly specialized and even complex requirements of food procurement and delivery, specialized procurement units operating under different systems of accountability might not represent optimal use of procurement resources, particularly in cases of relatively low procurement volume.

In the meantime, the Procurement Service will organize a second round of the advanced field procurement training programme to upgrade skills of procurement staff in the field missions.

Most of the organizations currently use e procurement for displaying or posting procurement information on their web sites, including procurement guidelines, and for communicating with suppliers and clients.

(a) The Registrar is responsible for the procurement functions of the Tribunal, shall establish all its procurement systems and shall designate the officials responsible for performing procurement functions.

61 246. Procurement reform

57 279. Procurement reform

Procurement at international organizations

H. Procurement staff training

Record of procurement proceedings

Record of procurement proceedings

Subsequently renamed Procurement Service.