The Employment Contracts Act

The Employment Contracts Act prohibits the employers, in hiring and entering into employment contracts, discriminate against persons applying for employment.

The types of contracts promoted by the National Employment Act are

Employment contracts, including those promoted by National Employment Act No. 24.013 and the employment programmes launched by the Ministry of Labour

However, a complaint could not be pursued under both the Employment Contracts Act and the Human Rights Act.

98. In order to promote employment, Act No. 24.013, adopted in 1991, provides for new types of contracts, called promoted contracts.

Direct and indirect discrimination based on gender is also prohibited by the Employment Contracts Act.

Contracts of employment

Moreover, by amendment to section 39 of the Employment Contracts Act, a complainant could choose the Act under which he wished to pursue a complaint.

Article 11 Contracts of employment

Further information was requested on the racial discrimination complaints procedures and the personal grievance procedures under the Employment Contracts Act.

In cases of discrimination based on sex it is possible to base the complaint on the provisions of the Employment Contracts Act, the Wages Act and the Working and Rest Time Act.

The protection of maternity in Estonia is guaranteed by the Employment Contracts Act, the Public Service Act, the Working and Rest Time Act, the Holidays Act, the Health Insurance Act, the Social Tax Act, the Child Benefits Act and the State Pension Insurance Act.

This Act is of particular importance to employees with temporary employment contracts, among whom women and employees from ethnic minorities clearly predominate.

(a) Workers and employees having employment contracts

It is seriously concerned that legislation such as the Employment Contracts Act of 1991, which emphasizes individual employment contracts rather than collective agreements, constitutes a major disadvantage for women in the labour market due to their dual responsibilities to work and family.

Employment Promotion Act

The Unemployment Insurance Act, which entered into force in 2001, provides for benefits upon unemployment, collective termination of employment contracts and insolvency of employers.

Foreign Nationals (Employment) Act

(g) Termination The rules for indefinite employment contracts apply.

Employment of Minorities (Promotion) Act

4.2 Affirmative Action (Employment) Act

See the Federal Act on the Award of Purchase Contracts of Austria (Purchase Contracts Award Act 2002), available at http wko.at rp vergabe gesetzestextbvergg2002.pdf.

The ban on discrimination in the Dutch Constitution is implemented in six specific Acts of Parliament the Equal treatment Act, the Equal treatment (Men and Women) Act, the Equal treatment (Working Hours) Act, the Equal treatment (Temporary and Permanent Contracts) Act, the Equal treatment in Employment (Age Discrimination) Act, and the Act on Equal treatment of Disabled and Chronically Ill People.

They receive low wages relative to those working in the organized sector and have insecure employment contracts (if contracts exist at all).

Article 11 Immunity of a State in proceedings relating to contracts of employment

4.1 The Affirmative Action (Employment) Act (Act 29 of 1998) was promulgated in 1998.

Hereinafter referred to as the Affirmative Action (Employment) Act

42. Act No. 24.465 on apprenticeship contracts was adopted on 15 March 1995.

Workers, day labourers, domestic servants, artisans and in a general way to all employment contracts

(g) If the employer does not comply with any of the legal requirements, the contracts concluded under such procedures will be converted into indefinite employment contracts

(e) Pay The rules of the Employment Contract Act apply

(e) Pay The provisions of the Employment Contract Act apply

For example, the Employment and Equity Act is under preparation.

Many operators prefer not to use employment contracts and simply see themselves as providing a facility.

Ireland's far reaching equality legislation included the Employment Equality Act 1998 and the Equal Status Act 2000.

It is in this context that Parliament passed the Affirmative Action (Employment) Act (Act 29 of 1998).

On 1 December 2002 the Equal Treatment (Temporary and Permanent Contracts) Act came into effect.

131 and 132 of the Employment Act No. 91 of 1959).

Amendment of the Act concerning employment and unemployment is also planned.

(b) contracts for the use or employment of a ship or ships or of any space thereon

The Act No. 90 1995 amending the Free Right to Employment and Residence (EEA) Act, No. 47 1993

The personal grievance procedure provided for under the Employment Contracts Act was designed to encourage parties to resolve the complaint among themselves and the burden of proof in such cases depended on the nature of the claim.

The Affirmative Action (Employment) Act has a provision which penalises any person who contravenes the provisions of the Act.

N35 Provision of loans to female partners in group contracts to initiate local employment and income generating activities