It highlighted the universality of the phenomenon of corruption and explored some general and specific manifestation of corruption, including cases of corruption in the private sector.

Anti corruption efforts should include increased public private collaboration, as well as increased transparency through improved data collection and analysis.

(d) Taking legal, legislative, administrative and political measures against corruption, in the public and private sector, including by ensuring due process of law and guaranteeing the right to a fair trial and by implementing the anti corruption measures specified in the United Nations Convention against Corruption

Deeply concerned that serious corruption in the private sector has led to the collapse of many healthy companies, thereby violating the rights of many, and at the high level corruption engendered by some transnational corporations in countries in which they operate,

Furthermore, in order to curb corruption, we recognize that it is necessary to promote a culture of integrity in both the public and private sectors.

Many developing countries are investing in their people, promoting democracy and the rule of law, tackling corruption and welcoming the private sector as a partner.

In Hong Kong, corruption was so pervasive as late as the 1970 s if your house was on fire, the fire department demanded payment before pumping water! that an independent anti corruption commission was appointed specifically to investigate and prosecute both public and private corruption. Hong Kong greatly reduced corruption and improved administration with an amnesty, pay increases, and financial disclosure requirements for officials.

Specific goals include strengthening the legal and regulatory environment so that the private sector can facilitate such growth and strengthening institutions and agencies to combat corruption.

Furthermore, we recognize that, in order to curb corruption, it is necessary to promote a culture of integrity in both the public and the private sector.

Furthermore, we recognize that, in order to curb corruption, it is necessary to promote a culture of integrity and accountability in both the public and the private sector.

(c) Developing a set of specific actions that the private sector can and should take based on the Convention against Corruption that could help operationalize some of its priorities.

While we are in fact strengthening our institutions for development through good governance, combating corruption and driving private sector growth, by no means should those factors be used as conditionalities.

(f) Ensuring that private enterprises, taking into account their structure and size, have sufficient internal auditing controls to assist in preventing and detecting acts of corruption and that the accounts and required financial statements of such private enterprises are subject to appropriate auditing and certification procedures.

That is that people talk about corruption, corruption.

The directors stressed that Liberia urgently required external assistance and private investment and that the flow of such assistance would depend on decisive actions to strengthen institutions, reduce corruption and improve governance.

First, corruption takes many forms, so a war on corruption has to be fought on many fronts. You can t fight the diversion of small amounts of money by weak and poor countries while ignoring the massive diversion of public resources into private hands of the sort that marked, say, Russia under Boris Yeltsin.

Corruption.

(j) Joint Action on corruption in the private sector adopted by the Council of the European Union on 22 December 1998 See Official Journal of the European Communities, No. L 358, 31 December 1998.

At that time, I noticed that corruption, that grand corruption, that systematic corruption, was undermining everything we were trying to do.

1. Each State Party shall take measures, in accordance with the fundamental principles of its domestic law, to prevent corruption involving the private sector, enhance accounting and auditing standards in the private sector and, where appropriate, provide effective, proportionate and dissuasive civil, administrative or criminal penalties for failure to comply with such measures.

Over the last decade, improving governance and fighting corruption has been seen as a high priority by governments, civil society, the private sector, and the international community. This is reflected in the World Bank s lending.

The group emphasized that the United Nations Convention against Corruption constituted the global legal framework for such initiatives and invited the private sector to facilitate, in areas relevant to it, the implementation of the Convention.

Verena Blechinger, Sectoral Perspectives on Corruption, Corruption and Political Parties , November 2002.

Police corruption.

Private health care is provided by one private hospital, two private dental surgeries, two private medical complexes and nine private physicians.

It was widely recognized that its key assets were a trainable labour force, relatively low wages, tax incentives, generally good quality governance (a low level of corruption) and the existence of a dynamic domestic private sector.

Specifically, I ask developing countries to improve their governance, uphold the rule of law, combat corruption and adopt an inclusive approach to development, making space for civil society and the private sector to play their full role.

Strengthen governance, combat corruption at the national and international levels and put in place policies and investments to drive growth and stimulate the private sector and employment generation and maximize domestic resources to fund national development strategies

Criminalization of corruption

Measures against corruption

(h) Combating corruption

Getting Corruption Right

Who Beats Corruption?

And multiplied corruption.

And multiplied corruption.

CORRUPTION HOW EFFECTIVE?

(a) Combating corruption

We fully agree with the Secretary General that developing countries should recommit themselves to taking primary responsibility for their own development by strengthening governance, combating corruption and putting in place policies and investments to drive private sector growth.

They talk about corruption.

And multiplied therein corruption.

And multiplied therein corruption.

Capital flight through corruption

States actions against corruption

Specific anti corruption measures ___________

International Anti Corruption Day