At the same time there is a consensus in the doctrine on the basic character of the distinction between international armed conflict and non international armed conflict.

The non application of the whole of international humanitarian law to non international armed conflict is particularly problematic because the Protocol dealing specifically with non international armed conflict, Protocol II, requires a very high threshold to trigger its applicability and has seldom been applied.

Draft article 2 put forward a wider definition of armed conflict to include both international and non international conflicts.

Draft article 2 should contain a simplified working definition of the term armed conflict which did not, at the current stage, draw a distinction between international and non international armed conflicts.

For example, terrorist or counter terrorist actions may entail resort to armed force between States giving rise to an international armed conflict, as was the case in Afghanistan in 2002, or a non international armed conflict involving armed confrontations between a State's armed forces and a relatively organized dissident armed group or between such groups within the territory of a State.

Thus, the characterization of the armed conflict as a non international one can have the effect of rendering all humanitarian law inapplicable.

International watercourses and installations in time of armed conflict

Ms. Hampson noted that, in situations of armed conflict, international humanitarian law had more detail regarding issues of detention whereas in non conflict situations human rights law had more specificity.

Roberts, Environmental Issues in International Armed Conflict, in R. J. Grunawalt et al., Protection of the Environment During Armed Conflict 222 (1996).

Although the debate continues whether human rights treaties apply to armed conflict, it is well established that non derogable provisions of human rights treaties apply during armed conflict.

Although the debate continues as to whether human rights treaties apply to armed conflict, it is well established that non derogable provisions of human rights treaties apply during armed conflict.

Without official declarations from courts or political departments, it is extremely difficult to separate non performance of a treaty during armed conflict including potentially justifiable non performance from an actual legal effect of armed conflict on the treaty itself.

' Finally, commentators are also in agreement that non derogable human rights provisions are applicable during armed conflict.

16. Calls upon all parties to armed conflict to ensure that children affected by armed conflict receive timely, effective and unhindered humanitarian assistance, in accordance with international humanitarian law

International norms and principles for the protection of children affected by armed conflict exist.

IV. Armed conflict

For example, although it is well established that international armed conflict has ostensibly no effect on IHL, and the extent to which IHL applies during non international conflict is increasing, a review of State practice nevertheless reveals many cases where IHL, although it applied, was violated.

International watercourses and related installations, facilities and other works shall enjoy the protection accorded by the principles and rules of international law applicable in international and non international armed conflict and shall not be used in violation of those principles and rules.

Although the effect of armed conflict on derogable human rights provisions is not as clear as with the non derogable provisions, there is growing acceptance of the proposition that these provisions may also apply during armed conflict.

C. The applicability and relevance of international humanitarian law when confronting terrorism involves armed conflict

International humanitarian law regulates the conduct of hostilities for all parties to an armed conflict.

History is replete with examples of armed conflict causing the suspension of international air agreements.

The vitality of international humanitarian law during armed conflict has also been underscored by the International Court of Justice.

Richard Tarasofsky, Legal Protection of the Environment during International Armed Conflict, 24 Netherlands Yearbook of International Law 17 (1993).

In that regard, SADC thanked the Special Representative of the Secretary General for Children and Armed Conflict for placing the issues of children affected by armed conflict high on the international agenda.

31. Strongly condemns any recruitment or use of children in armed conflict contrary to international law, as well as other violations and abuses committed against children affected by armed conflict, and urges all States and other parties to armed conflict that are engaged in such practices to end them

35. Strongly condemns any recruitment or use of children in armed conflict contrary to international law, as well as other violations and abuses committed against children affected by armed conflict, and urges all States and other parties to armed conflict that are engaged in such practices to end them

39. Strongly condemns any recruitment or use of children in armed conflict contrary to international law, as well as other violations and abuses committed against children affected by armed conflict, and urges all States and other parties to armed conflict that are engaged in such practices to end them

Strongly condemns any recruitment or use of children in armed conflict contrary to international law, as well as other violations and abuses committed against children affected by armed conflict, and urges all States and other parties to armed conflict that are engaged in such practices to end them

Children in armed conflict

Prevention of armed conflict

Violence in armed conflict

Children and armed conflict

Children and armed conflict.

Prevention of armed conflict

Prevention of armed conflict

Women and Armed Conflict

Children and armed conflict

Prevention of armed conflict'

Richard Tarasofsky, Legal Protection of the Environment during International Armed Conflict, 24 Netherlands Yearbook of International Law 17, 62 (1993).

Because non derogable human rights provisions codify jus cogens norms, the application of non derogable human rights provisions during armed conflict can be considered a corollary of the rule expressed in the previous section that treaty provisions representing jus cogens norms must be honoured notwithstanding the outbreak of armed conflict.

Because non derogable human rights provisions codify jus cogens norms, the application of non derogable human rights provisions during armed conflict can be considered a corollary of the rule expressed in section 4 above that treaty provisions representing jus cogens norms, must be honoured notwithstanding the outbreak of armed conflict.

(a) Information on compliance by parties in ending the recruitment or use of children in armed conflict in violation of applicable international law and other violations being committed against children affected by armed conflict

Amnesty International, Colombia Scarred bodies, hidden crimes Sexual Violence against women in the armed conflict, p. 24.

46. Strongly condemns any recruitment and use of children in armed conflict contrary to international law, and urges all States and other parties to armed conflict that are engaged in such practices to end them